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Lesson 2: What makes up the Solar System?. Unit 5: The solar system. Vocabulary #1 . Solar System: A star and all the planets and other objects that revolve around it. Vocabulary #2. Planet: A body that revolves around a star. Vocabulary #3. Satellite
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Lesson 2: What makes up the Solar System? Unit 5: The solar system
Vocabulary #1 • Solar System: • A star and all the planets and other objects that revolve around it.
Vocabulary #2 • Planet: • A body that revolves around a star.
Vocabulary #3 • Satellite • A body in space that orbits a larger body.
Vocabulary #4 • Asteroid: • A piece of rock and metal that orbits the sun.
Vocabulary #5 • Comet: • A ball of ice, rock, and frozen gases that orbits the sun.
The Inner Planets • A planet is a body that revolves around a star. • Gravity holds that planet in place. • Most planets have moons, or satellites. • A satellite is a body that revolves around a planet. • All inner planets are rocky and dense
MERCURY • Closest to the sun • About the size of our moon • Temperature about 810° on side facing sun • -290°on side not facing sun • 3,000 miles in diameter • 36,000,000 miles from sun • Length of year: 88 Earth days
VENUS • Brightest object in night sky • Same size as Earth • 860° (hotter than Mercury because of thick atmosphere) • Diameter: 7,520 miles • 67,000,000 miles from sun • Length of year: 225 Earth days
EARTH!!! • The only planet that can support life • Only atmosphere that keeps temperatures at right level for life • Diameter: 7,900 mi. • 93,000,000 miles from sun • Year: 365 ¼ days
MARS • called the Red planet • Atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide • Must have once had water because it has river valleys • Has the largest volcano in solar system • Has dust storms that last for months • Diameter: 4,200 miles • 142,000,000 miles from sun • Year: 687 Earth days
OUTER PLANETS • The four outer planets are called gas giants because they are all very large and made up mostly of the gases hydrogen and helium.
JUPITER • Largest planet • Has a ring and dozens of moons • Has a storm that has lasted 400 years • Diameter: 89,000 miles • 483,000,000 miles from sun • Year: 11.9 Earth years
SATURN • Rings made of ice, dust, boulders, and frozen gases • Dozens of moons • Can be seen without a telescope • Diameter: 75,000 miles • 887,000,000 miles from sun • Year: 29.5 Earth years!
URANUS • Many moons and rings • Axis is tilted more than any other planet • Diameter: 32,000 miles • 887,000,000 miles from sun • Year: 84 Earth years!
NEPTUNE • Several rings and moons • Strongest winds can reach 1200 miles per hour • Diameter: 30,000 miles • 2,799,000 miles from sun • Year: 165 Earth years!
ASTEROIDS & COMETS • Between Mars & Jupiter is an asteroid belt. • It contains thousands of small rocky bodies called asteroids. • Asteroids are chunks of rock too small to be called planets.
METEORS Pieces of rock traveling through space. They usually burn up when they hit Earth’s atmosphere. This results in a shooting star. When a meteor reaches Earth’s surface, it is called a meteorite.
COMETS A ball of ice, rock and frozen gases that orbits the sun. When near the sun, the center begins to melt. This forms a cloud of gas that is pushed into a long tail by energy from the sun.
Online Resources http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=97Ob0xR0Ut8 Bill Nye shows distances between planets (4:17) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r8KZyj7aIA4&feature=related Magic School Bus in the Solar System (25:11)