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Tragedy

Tragedy. A meditation on death Focuses on an individual Deals with the problem of failure and death Attempts to find meaning in death Individual fails due to some tragic flaw Gains self-knowledge, but the price is death

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Tragedy

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  1. Tragedy • A meditation on death • Focuses on an individual • Deals with the problem of failure and death • Attempts to find meaning in death • Individual fails due to some tragic flaw • Gains self-knowledge, but the price is death • Focuses on the world of sin, imperfection, limitations, error, and suffering • Redemption through suffering

  2. Tragedy of Redemption Basically good protagonist Dies a dignified and heroic death Reader feels sympathy Tragedy of Damnation Psychology of the criminal mind Protagonist is not a hero. He/she kills his conscience. Dies a different death – not as a hero Two Types of Tragedy

  3. Characteristics of the Tragic Play • Concerns the fall of a person whose character is good, believable, and consistent • The fall is caused internally by some error or frailty in the protagonist (not a vice or depravity) • Presented in the form of action, not narration • Arouses the emotions of pity and terror • A single unified action that is serious, complete, probable and of a certain magnitude.

  4. The Tragic Hero • Belief in his own freedom and free will • Supreme pride • Capacity for suffering • Sense of commitment • Vigorous protest • Transfiguration • Impact

  5. Irony • The irony in tragedy lies in the contrast between the vision which the tragic hero has of his future and the shocking disaster that befalls him

  6. Types of Irony • Verbal: the speaker says one thing and means another • Situational: Something unexpected happens (usually with a twist) • Dramatic: The audience shares with the author certain knowledge about which a character is uninformed • Tragedies, in general, and Macbeth, in particular, are full of ironies.

  7. What to look for in Macbeth • Contrasts • Irony • Paradox • Think about the contrasts in imagery, characters, theme ideas good/evil dark/light order/chaos loyalty/disloyalty

  8. Character Foils • Deliberate contrast in characters • Character differences highlighted • Leads to a theme

  9. Other Details • Performed on stage – The Globe Theater • Based on historical Macbeth • Tribute to King James I, so changes historical fact and adds witches • Set in Scotland

  10. The Castles, Glamis and Cawdor

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