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Youth, Crime and Media MEP208. 3. Subculture: Teds, Mods, Punk, Goth. What is a subculture? (1). Hebdige (1979) identifies four characteristics of subcultures:
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Youth, Crime and MediaMEP208 3. Subculture: Teds, Mods, Punk, Goth
What is a subculture? (1) • Hebdige (1979) identifies four characteristics of subcultures: • HOMOLOGY: “the symbolic fit between the values and lifestyles of a group, its subjective experience and the forms it uses to express or reinforce its focal concerns” (p.113). • ARGOT: A group’s system of language.
What is a subculture? (2) • BRICOLAGE: “Symbolic objects – music, language, dress, appearance – form a unified signifying system in which borrowed materials reflect and express aspects of the subcultural group” (p.33). • APPROPRIATION: Symbolic objects are invested with meanings (significations) that oppose their original function.
Subcultural resistance • Youth subcultures express opposition to the dominant or parent culture • At the same time, they resist incorporation into mainstream cultures by trying to remain ‘underground’ • Resistance is expressed through style/ symbolic rituals; less so through violence, protests, etc.
Teds (Jefferson, in H&J 1975) Three types of subcultural response to upheaval of their working-class slums: • Group-mindedness: protecting territory • Extreme touchiness to insults: strong class and racial identities • Dress and appearance: suits and bootlace ties signify status aspirations
Mods (Hebdige, in H&J 1975) Mods formed a collective style by… • Appropriating a commodity • Redefining its use and value • Relocating its meaning in new contexts Egs. scooters, pills, Pringle jumpers
Goths (Hodkinson 2002) Goth subculture as substance, not just style… • Consistent distinctiveness in group values and tastes • Sense of shared identity • Practical commitment among participants • Significant degree of autonomy