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Islamic Expansion and Empires: Umayyad, Abbasid, Mali, Mansa Musa

Explore the spread of Islam, early Islamic problems, and the rise of notable empires like Umayyad, Abbasid, and Mali under Mansa Musa. Discover key achievements, significant events, and the impact of Islamic influence on various regions.

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Islamic Expansion and Empires: Umayyad, Abbasid, Mali, Mansa Musa

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  1. Dome of the Rock Temple Mount Jerusalem

  2. Spread of Islam

  3. Early Problems Who would lead? A permanent split in the Islamic community • Sunnis – Respected community leader • Shia (Shi’ite) – Family Member must lead

  4. Caliph Abu BakrSunni • Continued raids on Byzantine and Persian territory • Killed any dissident elements or tribes • Disposed any “new prophets”

  5. Caliph AliShia - Shi’ite Organize separate party called “Shia”

  6. Reasons for success • Exhaustion of Byzantium and Persia • End of a 400 year war • Speed and Size of Muslim armies • Acceptance of “People of the Book”

  7. Reasons for success • exhaustion of Rome and Persia • End of a 400 year war • speed and size of Muslim armies • acceptance of the Old and New Testament • “People of the Book” • Apostasy(Backsliders = treason = death)

  8. Umayyad • Ali assassinated in 661 A.D.

  9. Umayyad • Ali assassinated in 661 A.D. Created a War Machine

  10. Umayyad empire • Atlantic Ocean to India • Damascus, Syria: center of the Islamic World

  11. The Abbasid Dynasty(750-1258 CE) Defeats Umayyad army in 750 • Invited Umayyad to banquet, massacred them

  12. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) “The Golden Age of IslamHigh Point of Islamic Empires

  13. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) “The Golden Age of IslamHigh Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth

  14. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth • Arabic Numerals

  15. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth • Arabic Numerals • Ships of the Desert

  16. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth • Arabic Numerals • Ships of the Desert • Banking Practices • (Sakk – Check)

  17. The Abbasid Dynasty(786-809 CE) High Point of Islamic Empires Baghdad City of Peace, Gift of God, Paradise on Earth • Arabic Numerals • Ships of the Desert • Banking Practices • (Sakk – Check) • Literature: • The Thousand and One Nights • Aladdin

  18. Consequences of Expansion • Christendom loses oldest lands • Jerusalem and Constantinople • Collapse of Zoroastrianism as a major Persian religion

  19. West Africa Gold and Salt Trade 600 – 1600: 8 tons of gold exported annually

  20. Ghana:present day Mali • Fertile V-Valley of Niger River and Senegal River • Arab writers: “the land of gold”

  21. Influence of Islam Umayyad Military Empire

  22. Influence of Islam Ummayyad Military Empire Islamic Merchants (traders) brought their faith • Muslims employed • Written language • Coinage • Business methods

  23. Mansa MusaKingdom of Mali • Converted to Islam • Expanded the borders west ward to Atlantic Ocean • Did not impose Islam on his people • Justice system based on Quran

  24. Mansa Musa Five Pillars of Islam: Hajj • Forged new diplomatic and economic ties to Arab states • Brought back • scholars • Architects • Teachers to promote Islamic education in Mali • Islamic university In Timbuktu

  25. 90% of Islamic world today is SunniMost of Iran is Shiite

  26. Assignment: Create a Graphic Organizer for each of the followingMuslim Expansion and Empires • Dates • Center of Government • Accomplishments • Find at least one accomplishment from outside research that is NOT in your book • Umayyad • Abbasid • Mali • Mansa Musa

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