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Korean War “Chronology”. Map #1. Korean Peninsula Under Japanese control from 1940-1945 WWII ends in 1945- Korea is divided 38th parallel meant to provided temporary division North Korea- Soviet Union, South Korea- U.S. U.S. and Soviet Union “left” by 1949
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Map #1 • Korean Peninsula • Under Japanese control from 1940-1945 • WWII ends in 1945- Korea is divided • 38th parallel meant to provided temporary division • North Korea- Soviet Union, South Korea- U.S. • U.S. and Soviet Union “left” by 1949 • Meant to leave Korea with a unifying election, but it was never held
Map #2First Offensive • Sept. 25th, 1950 – NK invades SK • Capture Seoul – capital of SK • SK – calls on (UN) Security Council for help • Resolution to assist passes –Soviet Union boycotting because US blocked Communist China • NK pushes all the way to Pusan Perimeter • U.N. appoints American General Douglas MacArthur – (Supreme Commander of the UN Troops)
Map #3UN Counter-Offensive • UN troops mobilize in Japan • Reinforce Pusan • Launch an amphibious assault (Inchon) – cut off NK supply lines • Ground forces – push to Seoul – NK retreats across the 38th Parallel • “Containment” successful • Decision Time? Police Action or All out War! • All-out War
Map #4UN Offensive • MacArthur wanted the U.S. to join the fight • President Truman afraid of entry into NK will bring in the Chinese. • U.S. does NOT join war • MacArthur convincing – “Home by Christmas Offensive” • UN forces drive up to the Chinese border – the Yalu River • And then…….
Map #5 • 33 divisions of Chinese soldiers waiting on the border • Drive UN and SK forces back to the 38th • Re-capture Seoul • MacArthur threatens China – (is fired) by April 1951 and replaced by Matthew Ridgway
Map #6 • Ridgway attacks NK with “operation meat grinder” secures the 38th, recaptures Seoul • Peace Negotiations – begin in January of 1951 and conclude with an armistice being signed in July 1953 • Armistice- truce to stop fighting, NOT A TREATY • Today boundaries from 1953 – still exist. • NK (Communist) SK (Democratic)