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Fluid, Electrolyte,

Ch 27. Fluid, Electrolyte,. & Acid-Base . Homeostasis. Distribution of Body Solids & Fluids. Fluid Exchange. Processes in our body: Filtration Reabsorption Diffusion Osmosis. General barriers that separate intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, and blood plasma:. Plasma membrane

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Fluid, Electrolyte,

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  1. Ch 27 Fluid, Electrolyte, & Acid-Base Homeostasis

  2. Distribution of Body Solids & Fluids

  3. Fluid Exchange • Processes in our body: • Filtration • Reabsorption • Diffusion • Osmosis

  4. General barriers that separate intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, and blood plasma: • Plasma membrane • Blood vessel walls

  5. Fluid Homeostasis • Fluid Balance • Water • Electrolytes

  6. Fluid Homeostasis • Regulate by: • Hypothalamus • Posterior pituitary (ADH) • Adrenal cortex • Kidney tubules

  7. Sources of Body Water Gain & Loss

  8. Dehydration

  9. Hormonal Regulation of Na+ & Cl- Reabsorption

  10. Series of events in water intoxication

  11. Electrolytes • sodium (Na+) • potassium (K+) • chloride (Cl-) • calcium (Ca2+) • magnesium (Mg2+) • bicarbonate (HCO3-) • phosphate (PO42-) • sulfate (SO42-)

  12. Electrolyte and protein anion concentrations in plasma, interstitial fluid, & intercellular fluid

  13. Electrolytes Hype??? • water, dextrose, potassium citrate, sodium chloride and sodium citrate. Nonmedicinal ingredients: FD&C Blue #1 and Red #40 (grape flavor) and FD&C Red #40 (bubblegum flavor). • Per 8 fl ozSodium 10.6 mg • Potassium 4.7mg • Chloride 8.3 mgDextrose 5.9gCalories 24 • water, sucrose syrup, glucose-fructose syrup, citric acid, natural and artificial flavors, salt, sodium citrate, monopotassium phosphate, ester gum, sucrose acetate isobutyrate, red 40, blue 1 • Per 8 fl oz • Total fat 0g • Sodium 110mg • Potassium 30mg • Total carbs 14g • Sugars 14g • Calories 50

  14. Acid-Base Balance • Removal of H+ • Buffer systems • Exhalation of carbon dioxide • Kidney excretion of H +

  15. Protein Buffering System H H NH2 C NH2 C COOH COO- + H+ R R H H NH2 C NH3+ C COOH + H+ COOH R R

  16. The effects of pH in blood By-product of respiration CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3↔ HCO3- + H +↔ CO32- + 2H+ carbonic acid bicarbonate carbonate The addition of CO2 makes blood acidic

  17. Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate Buffering System Blood too basic: H2CO3 HCO3- + H +pH drops Blood too acidic: HCO3- + H+ H2CO3pH rises Blood ave. pH = 7.4

  18. Phosphate Buffering System too basic: OH- + H2PO4- H2O + HPO42- too acidic: H+ + HPO42- H2PO4-

  19. Exhalation of CO2

  20. Exhalation of CO2

  21. Exhalation of CO2

  22. Exhalation of CO2 Negative feedback regulation of blood pH by the respiratory system

  23. Kidney Excretion of H+

  24. Secretion of H+ by intercalated cells in the collecting duct

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