Using Hydraulic Systems

1. Using Hydraulic Systems

2. Next Generation / Common Core Standards Addressed! CCSS.ELA Literacy RST.9 10.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to the precise details of explanations or descriptions. CCSS.E L A Literacy RST. 11-12.1 Cite specific textual evidence to support analysis of science and technical texts, attending to important distinctions the author makes and to any gaps or inconsistencies in the account. CCSS.ELA Literacy.RST.9‐10.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks, attending to special cases or exceptions defined in the text. CCSS.E LALiteracy.RST.11‐12.3 Follow precisely a complex multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical tasks; analyze the specific results based on explanations in the text

3. PST.03.03. Utilize manufacturers’ guidelines to diagnose and troubleshoot malfunctions in machinery, equipment and power source systems (e.g., hydraulic, pneumatic, transmission, steering, suspension, etc.). • PST.03.03.01.a. Research and summarize the applications of common types of hydraulic and pneumatic systems used in AFNR power, structural and technical systems. Agriculture, Food and Natural resource Standards Addressed!

4. Define hydraulics and explain its major operating systems. • Discuss the basic principles of hydraulics. • Describe the primary components of a hydraulic system. • Describe the advantages and disadvantages of hydraulic systems. Student Learning Objectives / Bell Work!

5. Terms Connectors Cycle time Directional control valve Energy Filter Flow rate Hydraulic actuator Hydraulics Hydrodynamics Hydrostatics Law of Conservation of Energy Linear actuator

6. Pressure gauge • Pressure relief valve • Prime mover • Pump • Reservoir • Rotary actuator • Strainer • Micron • Multiplication of force • Pascal’s Law • Piping • Positive displacement pump Terms (continued)

7. Have you ever used a floor jack or driven an automobile equipped with power brakes or power steering? Interest Approach

8. A branch of physics dealing with the mechanical properties and practical applications of fluids in motion • Hydraulic systems do not create power. They transfer power from an outside source • Prime mover – the outside source of power Hydraulics

9. The use of liquids at high flow and low pressure to perform work Hydrodynamics

10. Use of liquids at high pressure and low flow to perform work Hydrostatics

11. Pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted undiminished in all directions Pascal’s Law

12. Application of Pascal’s Law

13. The hydraulic system takes a small input force and transforms it into a larger output force Multiplication of force

14. The amount of time required for one complete set of operations to occur. • Flow rate – the measure of how many gallons per minute of hydraulic fluid would run into a container. Cycle time

15. Energy may be changed from one form to another, but it cannot either be created or destroyed • Energy – the capacity to do work Law of Conservation of Energy

16. Reservoir – supplies oil to the hydraulic pump and stores oil that returns after passing through the hydraulic circuit • Strainer – directs the hydraulic oil in a straight line through an element made of metal screens attached to a metal core • Filter – directs hydraulic oil through one of more layers of a porous elements that may trap particles • Micron – equal to 39 millionths of an inch Components of a hydraulic system

17. Primary components of a hydraulic system

18. Pump – causes hydraulic oil to flow through the circuit • Positive displacement pump – delivers the same volume of oil per cycle regardless of the pressure at the pump outlet • Pressure gauge – measure and shows the pressure being produced in a hydraulic system. Components (continued)

19. Abourdointubepressuregauge

20. Directional control valve – controls the operation of the system’s cylinder sand motors by direction the flow of the fluid in the system Components (continued)

21. Primary parts of a typical cylinder

22. Hydraulic actuator – converts fluid energy into mechanical energy • Linear actuator – the output of the cylinder occurs in a straight-line manner • Rotary actuator – produces a rotating output force Components (continued)

23. Piping – fluid conducting lines that connect various components of a hydraulic system • Connectors – used to join one piece of piping to another, or to hydraulic system components Components (continued)

24. Increased flexibility • Variable speed • Multiplication of force • Reduced wear • Reversibility Advantages of hydraulic systems

25. High pressure • Need for cleanliness • Safety hazards Disadvantages of hydraulic systems

26. What is hydraulics and what are its major operating systems? • What principles govern the use of hydraulics? • What are the primary components of a hydraulic system? • What are the advantages and disadvantages associated with hydraulic systems? Review/Summary

27. The End!