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Human Sexuality, Reproduction, and STDs

Human Sexuality, Reproduction, and STDs. UNIT 6. Reproductive Health. Maintaining good reproductive health is important for your total health! Ways you can maintain good reproductive health: Males Prevent Jock Itch – shower after workouts, wear loose underwear (boxers)

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Human Sexuality, Reproduction, and STDs

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  1. Human Sexuality, Reproduction, and STDs UNIT 6

  2. Reproductive Health • Maintaining good reproductive health is important for your total health! • Ways you can maintain good reproductive health: Males • Prevent Jock Itch –shower after workouts, wear loose underwear (boxers) • Prevent Hernias – be careful when heavy lifting, lift from your knees, not your waist. (A hernia is when an intestine or organ protrudes through the lower part of the abdomen) Females • Prevent Vaginal Irritation – shower after workouts, wear cotton underwear • Know Your Period – make note of when it starts each month and if your bleeding is heavier or lighter than usual. Both • Prevent STDs – practice safe sex, use latex condoms, or abstain from sex.

  3. Detecting Testicular Cancer • Most common cancer between males ages 15 to 35. • Perform self examinations once a month. • Perform during a warm bath by holding each testicle between the thumbs and fingers and roll gently feeling for lumps. • Contact doctor if there are any troublesome signs.

  4. Detecting Breast Cancer • Breast cancer is leading cause of cancer death in women ages 20 to 59. • Self examinations include looking for changes in skin texture, discharge from the nipple, visual lumps and abnormal fullness or puckering • With fingertips close together, gently probe breast to feel for lumps • A clinical breast exam should be part of a periodic health exam. Women in their 20s and 30s should schedule such checkups about once every three years, and women 40 and older should get such an exam every year. • Women should know how their breasts normally feel and report any breast changes promptly to their health care providers. Breast self-exam is an option for women starting in their 20s.

  5. Male Reproductive System • Produces sperm to deliver to the female reproductive system • SPERM: sex cells that are produced by the male reproductive system called the testes, and are needed to fertilize an egg • FERTILIZATION: process by which a sperm and egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life

  6. Male Reproductive System • Made of internal and external organs • TESTES: makes sperm and testosterone (sex hormone, also causes facial hair, body odor and voice to deepen) • Produce several hundred million sperm each day • SCROTUM: skin covered sac that hangs from the body to keep sperm cooler since they can not properly develop at higher temperatures of inner body

  7. Male Reproductive System • PENIS: removes urine and delivers sperm to female R.S.; during sexual activity blood vessels fill and cause it to become erect • SEMEN: released from epididymis during ejaculation when sperm and other secretions are released from the penis

  8. Female Reproductive System • Function of female reproductive system is to make eggs and to provide a place to support and nourish a developing human • Internal and external organs • Breasts are not directly involved in producing human life but are considered secondary reproductive organs because they produce milk for the child

  9. Female Reproductive System • EGGS or OVA: sex cells that are produced by female reproductive system called the ovaries • FERTILIZATION: process by which a sperm and egg and their genetic material join to create a new human life • FALLOPIAN TUBES: Female reproductive organ that transports an egg to the uterus; sperm fertilizes the egg here

  10. Female Reproductive System VAGINA: connects outside of body to the uterus and receives the sperm during reproduction; allows menstrual flow to exit body; also the birth canal through which baby is delivered OVARIES: produces egg and estrogen and progesterone. Eggs are there when the female is born. ESTROGEN: hormone that causes pubic and underarm hair growth, strengthens bones, regulate monthly release of an egg and prepare body for pregnancy

  11. Female Reproductive System UTERUS: A muscular cavity located at the top of the vagina and between the bladder and rectum; a place to support a developing human ENDOMETRIUM: thin lining in the uterus; shed monthly in response to the hormonal changes of the menstrual period

  12. What do you consider as sex? • Intercourse Vaginal Anal • Oral—still not considered “safe” because it is associated with the same diseases as vaginal or anal sex • Foreplay Anal/Oral will protect you from getting pregnant, but that is it!

  13. What can happen if you have sex? Pregnancy Emotional Issues STD’s

  14. STD’s • STD’s: Infections transmitted mainly through sexual interactions; can be curable (bacteria) or incurable (virus) It is possible to have more than 1 STD at a time. - Chlamydia: (bacterial) most common STD in United States, infects reproductive organs and causes a mucous discharge. - Gonorrhea: (bacterial) infects mucous membranes. - Genital Warts/HPV: (virus) can cause cervical cancer in females - Herpes: (virus) HSV-1 causes cold sores and blisters around mouth, HSV-2 causes genital warts/sores. - HIV/AIDS: (virus) HIV affects cells of the immune system and causes AIDS. There is no cure for AIDS. Common viruses can be fatal for those who have it. - Syphilis: (bacterial) causes ulcers or chancres and can be spread through the blood, damaging the nervous system and other organs. - Crabs/pubic lice: (bacterial/virus)lice crawl on the skin and lay eggs in pubic hairs. - Hepatitis: (virus) is an inflammation of the liver. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C can be sexually transmitted and are both life threatening forms.

  15. Bacterial Disease vs. Virus • Bacterial diseases such as Gonorrhea and Chlamydia can be easily treated using antibiotic and are curable. However, they can be re-acquired. • Viruses (AIDS & Herpes) may be treated but can not be cured! They will stay with you the rest of your life!

  16. Symptoms of somebody who has an STD… • NONE • Painful Urination • Warts • Abdominal Pains • Rash • Genital/Oral/Anal Ulcers • Foul Smelling Discharge • Fever and nausea You can’t tell if somebody has an STD based on the way they look. They may look completely normal.

  17. Gonorrhea Syphilis Herpes Pubic Lice

  18. HIV(Human Immunodeficiency Virus) • HIV is virus that causes AIDS • People with HIV usually develop AIDS within first 10 years of getting HIV • There is NO cure, only treatment to slow HIV down. • Transmitted 3 Ways… • Sexual Activity • Needles • Infected mothers giving birth

  19. You Cannot get AIDS from… • Hugging • Kissing • Shaking Hands • Toilet Seats • Coughing • Sneezing • Drinking fountains • Mosquitoes

  20. Abstinence • Abstinence- the decision to not have oral, anal, or vaginal sex • It is the only way to 100% effective method in preventing HIV, STD’s, and pregnancy

  21. The surest way to avoid transmission of sexually transmitted diseases is to abstain from sexual intercourse, or to be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and is known to be uninfected. • Latex condoms, when used consistently and correctly, can reduce the risk of transmission of STDs and pregnancy.

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