Russian and British Families In Figures, Facts and Pictures

1. Russian and British Families In Figures, Facts and Pictures Презентация выполнена учителем английского языка МБОУ СОШ №19 г. Владимира Акининой Е.А.

2. Family Statistics in Russia

3. Family Statistics in Britain

4. Domostroy Domostroy is a 16th century Russian set of household rules, instructions and advices pertaining to various religious, social, domestic, and family matters of the Russian society. In modern Russia, the term Domostroy has a pejorative meaning. It is associated with patriarchal tyranny, as exemplified by the following quotations: A wife which is good, laborious, and silent is a crown to her husband. Don't pity a youngling while beating him: if you punish him with a rod, he will not die, but become healthier

5. Victorian Families Working class families It was common for poor families to have as many as 9 or 10 children, many of whom didn’t go to school. In Victorian Britain, children as young as 3 or 4 years of age, worked up to 16 hours a day in coal mines, in cotton mills and as chimney sweeps. The father often worked in a factory while the mother was responsible for all the household chores. Upper and middle Class families Families were very important to Victorians. They were usually large, with an average family having at least 5 or 6 children. The father was the head of the household. The children would speak politely to him, and call him “Sir”. The mother was responsible for running the household and would usually spend her time planning dinner parties or visiting her dressmaker or friends. Children saw very little of their parents and spent most of the day in the nursery with a nanny as Victorians firmly believe that a child should be “ seen and not heard”!

6. Family andMarriage Russian families are large and friendly. The meaning of the family in Russia is not limited to the husband, wife and children. It includes grandparents, aunts and uncles, brothers, sisters, nephews and nieces. The members of the Russian family closely communicate with each other and frequently get together, especially on such family occasions as birthdays and anniversaries. Just like in any family, there might be misunderstandings and even quarrels among family members, however one thing is certain: Russians cherish their families and are always ready to help their relatives in difficult times. It’s common fact that British people get married in their mid or even late 30s. They prefer to build their career first and only then start a family. Over the last 3 decades marriage rates have fallen considerably and the number of married couple families have therefore fallen. Important drivers of this trend are that men and women are delaying getting married, or not marrying at all. The number of married couple families decreased by 280,000 between 2001 and 2011 to 12 million in 2011.

7. Civil Union: Putting Feelings to the Test Civil unions have been gaining popularity in Russia lately. A civil union is a relationship where a man and a woman live together and share household expenses without officially registering a marriage. Civil union is a great opportunity for the young couple to test their feelings and make sure they are ready for a family life together. A marriage becomes official when the couple receives a wedding certificate in the Civil Office (ZAGS) and gets married in a civil ceremony. In addition to the official civil ceremony, many newlyweds arrange an Orthodox wedding ceremony in the Church.

8. Cohabitation In Britain there were 2.9 million opposite sex cohabiting couples in 2012. 1.1 million of these families had dependent children. This figure has doubled in the last 15 years. On average, cohabitations last less than two years before breaking up or converting to marriage. Less than 4% of cohabitations last for 10 years or more. Cohabiting influences later marriages. The more often and the longer that men and women cohabit, the more likely they are to divorce later. Children born to cohabiting parents are more likely to experience a series of disruptions in their family life.

9. Divorce The figures provided by Rosstat are depressing. In the first quarter of 2011 there were 185 959 marriages and 153 405 divorces registered in Russia. After divorce children may stay with either their mother or father but it's more common for mothers to keep bringing them up. After divorce, the father helps support his children till they turn 18 years old—the age when a child is considered an adult in Russia. The support comes in the form of monthly payments called "алименты" (alimony). The number of divorces in England and Wales in 2011 was 117,558, an increase of 1.7 per cent since 2010, when there were 119,589 divorces. The divorce rate decreased slightly in 2011 to 10.8 divorcing people per thousand married population. It was from 12.9 per thousand in 2001. Women and men in their late twenties had the highest divorce rates in 2011.

10. Foster Family The foster family is a family in which persons who look after a child who is not theirs either by blood or by adoption. In 2010, the number of orphans in Russia reached 697,000. This exceeded the 678,000 parentless children immediately after World War II, when Russia lost 27 million people.Two thirds of present-day orphans have living parents who abandoned them. There were 67,050 children in local authority care in England in 2012. 50,260 (75 percent) were in foster care placements. 3, 450 looked after children were adopted in 2012.

11. Single-Parent Families The problem of one-parent families is very up-to-date in Russia. The average percentage of such families still grows. Most of these one-parent unions include a single mother with her child or children.Single parenting is strongly associated with an increased risk of a number of negative social, behavioral and emotional outcomes for children. Single-parent families are now so common that couples living with their children are the minority in some parts of Britain.  Recent statistics show that there are close to 2 million single-parent families in the UK with the highest proportion of children brought up in one-parent families of any major European country.

12. FamilyPolicy in Russia In a message to the Federal Assembly in 2006, President Putin formulated a series of measures to stimulate the birth rate, including a large payment on the birth of a second child. In particular, the "maternal capital" law was passed under which the families (mainly mothers) are allocated cash payments of $ 387 thousand 640 roubles for the mortgage, payment for education, the increase to retirement savings etc. The Russian Federation actively supports young families to reduce the number of divorces. There is a special program in Russia that supports construction of housing for young couples and provides favorable terms for home loans. Many Russian families bring up three or more children. These families are called многодетные (large families) and receive discounts on electricity, gas, water, education and public transport.

13. Early Marriage: Why is the amount of early marriages rapidly growing up? Teen’s opinion: I think, there are few reasons of early marriage. One of the most important reasons is early pregnancy. The teen mother needs help for herself so she can’t cope with looking after her baby and schoolwork and she drop out of school. In most cases the father doesn’t help financially or emotionally. Another reason is the desire of a teen to have his own family or teens want to be independent, to solve their problems by themselves, to take care about themselves. The third reason may be that some guys marry to avoid the army. But the results of young marriage are often bad, and these families are together not so long. Statistics say 90% of these families breaks down in a year or two, only rarely do marriages in youth end up happily. To my point of view young couples who decide to marry early don’t have enough consciousness to realize what they are doing. I’m sure that early marriage is not normal for people in Russia and not a good idea for teens.

14. Источники http://www.civitas.org.uk/hwu/cohabitation.pdf http://www.nisra.gov.uk/demography/default.asp2.htm http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/statistics/theme/vital-events/general/bmd-preliminary/2012.html www.adoptionuk.org http://www.google.ru http://images.yandex.ru/