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The Course and the Conduct of World War I. EUROPE 1900. A-H declares war on Serbia Germany declares on Russia & France. Russia defends Serbia Britain declares on Germany. CHAIN REACTION!. UNITED STATES NEUTRAL!!! . German U- Boat Warfare. British blockade of German harbors
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A-H declares war on Serbia Germany declares on Russia & France Russia defends Serbia Britain declares on Germany CHAIN REACTION! UNITED STATES NEUTRAL!!!
German U- Boat Warfare • British blockade of German harbors • Germans respond with U – boat attacks on all ships • Violated international law • Sinking of the Lusitania - killed 128 Americans • Sussex pledge
U.S. response • U.S. unofficially supports Allies • Trade with British 800 M. 3 B.
Zimmerman Note • German alliance and military aid to Mexico, if they decide to enter the war vs. the US • Promised to help Mexico regain territory in the southwest (TX, NM, and AZ) • Another reason the US joined Allied side
U.S. Response • Wilson declares war on April 2nd 1917 • To make the world “safe for democracy” and “rights” • Germans continue unrestricted sub warfare…
Standard # 2 • Explain how the home front was affected by US involvement in WWI
Question • What have you done to support the war “on terrorism” in the Middle East? • What sacrifices have you made for the war? • What do you do differently today because of the war?
BIG IDEAS • A. From “preparedness” to mobilization – **sacrifices made by all Americans** • B. Government took sweeping measures to control daily life, industry, info. ect… • C. Great opportunities for women and African Americans • D. Civil Liberties were restricted
Mobilizing Manpower • Army: • Selective Service Act (May 1917) • Men 21-30 to register for service • 10M drafted, 2M sent to Europe • AEF “doughboys” • African Americans (400,000 served - 200,000 sent to Europe + segregated with white officers) • Women – nurses corps, office, factories • 330 women died • American Legacy video clips
African Americans • 100,000 performed essential duties like building roads, bridges, and trenches in support of the front-line battles. • 42,000 saw combat. • Spent 191 days in combat, longer than any other American unit in the war. • "My men never retire, they go forward or they die," - Colonel Hayward. • 369th First Allied unit to reach the Rhine.
Mobilizing Public Opinion: Propaganda(24.2) • Committee on Public Information (George Creel) • To “convince and reassure” (movies, posters, leaflets, Four – Minute Men, school drives) • Nationalism / Patriotism • Anti – German