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Chapter 3 Test Notes – Chapter 4 "183 nights between 20 March and 20 September times 7 hours per night of candle usage equals 1,281 hours for a half year of candle usage. Multiplying by 100,000 families gives 128,100,000 hours by candlelight. Each candle requires half a pound of tallow and wax, thus a total of 64,050,000 pounds. At a price of thirty sols per pounds of tallow and wax (two hundred sols make one livre tournois), the total sum comes to 96,075,000 livre tournois.” Benjamin Franklin on the purpose of daylight savings time To assess learning about cells and their organelles and begin learning about movement of molecules across the cell membrane Title: Biology 11/1/06 Class Topics Objectives: Saturday, January 4, 20206:55 AM
Corrections • Starting at the beginning of next week there will be no more corrections for a two week time period. • Students are abusing the privilege and not taking homework seriously. • Too many DNF and plagiarism • Good luck!
Class Assignments What By When • Chapter 3 Test 11/1/06 • All Chapter 3 corrections 11/3/06 • Read 73-80 11/3/06 • W.S. 4.1 (DR/Quiz) 11/3/06 • 2A only p.80 1-5 (1-4 in complete sentences) 11/3/06 • Due this class period • Due next class period • Due in the future
Grade Sheet 1A – SR p. 61 - 5 pts Measurement W.S. – 10 pts 3A SR p. 42 – 6 pts 4A – SR p. 47 – 5 pts 2A – Measurement W.S. – 10 pts
Posttest Activities • Hand in test • Pick up W.S. 4.1 • Correct homework • Take advantage of this while you still can! • Read 73-80
Passive Transport • The movement of molecules through a membrane without any energy from the cell. • DIFFUSION • Molecules will move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration • Equilibrium – Concentration is equal throughout a space. • End of diffusion
Diffusion in cells • Into or out of a cell • Through lipid bilayer • This is how water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide pass through the cell membrane • Go with the concentration gradient • think hill
Selectively permeable membranes • Allows small polar or nonpolar particles through • larger or polar particles do not pass
Osmosis • The diffusion of water (passive transport) • 3 types of solutions • hypotonic • hypertonic • isotonic
Hypotonic • high concentration of water outside of the cell • Movement of water into the cell • Cell swells • Distilled water • Pond water for most organisms • must have contractile vacuole • Cytolysis – bursting of cells
Hypertonic • High concentration of water inside the cell • Water moves out of the cell • Cell shrinks (plasmolysis) • Salt water