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Nanoscience

Nanoscience. Nanoscience @Cambridge. IRC in Nanotechnology. James Bendall Nanoscience Centre IRC in Nanotechnology University of Cambridge Email: jsb53@cam.ac.uk Web: http://www.nanoscience.cam.ac.uk. Definitions.

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Nanoscience

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  1. Nanoscience Nanoscience @Cambridge IRC in Nanotechnology James Bendall Nanoscience Centre IRC in Nanotechnology University of Cambridge Email:jsb53@cam.ac.uk Web: http://www.nanoscience.cam.ac.uk

  2. Definitions • Nanoscience is the study of phenomena and manipulation of materials at atomic, molecular and macromolecular scales, where properties differ significantly from those at larger scale. • Nanotechnology is the design, characterisation, production of and application of structures, devices and systems by controlling shape and size at the nanometre scale.

  3. Surface area • Surface area proportional to 1/size: Given 1cm3 of material 1cm3 cube 6cm2 1mm3 cubes 6m2 1nm3 cubes 6000m2 Proportion of surface atoms: 1cm3 cube 1 in 107 1mm3 cube 1 in 103 1nm3 cube 80%

  4. Properties at the nanoscale - optical

  5. Lycurgus chalice ~400AD 70nm particles of gold and silver [Johann Kunckel ~1670, Germany] Diffused light Focussed light

  6. “Nanotechnology has given us the tools…to play with the ultimate toy box of nature – atoms and molecules. Everything is made from it….The possibilities to create new things appear limitless” Horst Stormer Lucent Technologies and Columbia University, Nobel Prize winner.

  7. Shape - synthesis Temperature (900-1190C) Big catalyst flower Cone Flowers Nanowires Pressure (1-20 Torr) Nanowires flowers Graphite Flow rate (50-500 sccm) Family of SiC nanostructures

  8. Same element…different properties • Semiconductor • Perfectly symmetrical molecule • Hard • Electrical insulator • Soft • Electrical conductor • Strong • Metallic or semiconducting CARBON

  9. World Funding for Nanotechnology (2004) Source : European Commission(2004) : Private figures based on upon Lux Research Courtesy : E. Andreta

  10. Predicted value of Nano Industry Many studies of the MNT industry have been carried out and have predicted the future value of business • Estimated at $1,000 million p.a. in 10 years time It is not just the value of the MNT industry that is important, but also the economic impact MNT will have across manufacturing, the medical field, and defence • Additional annual sales of nearly $3,000 million p.a. in new or improved industrial products and medical systems are predicted through the use of MNT devices in 10 years time

  11. Key MNT Market Areas for the UK • Healthcare and Biotechnology • Automotive and Aerospace • Information and Communications Technologies • Food and Drink • Advanced Manufacturing • Advanced Materials • Energy • Security and Environmental

  12. Nanotechnology for water applications • Nanomembranes for water purification, desalination, detoxification e.g. carbon nanotube engineering

  13. Nanotechnology for water applications • Nanosensors for detection of contaminants and pathogens

  14. Nanotechnology for water applications • Nanoporous material for water purification

  15. Nanotechnology for water applications • Oxide nanomaterials for pollution degradation • Magnetic nanoparticles for water treatment and remediation

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