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CHALLENGES TO INTEGRITY OF OLD PIPELINES: THE ARGENTINE EXPERIENCE

This study examines the challenges faced by old pipelines in Argentina, including soil characteristics, demographic evolution, and original construction standards. It also highlights efforts to increase reliability and addresses specific damage conditions based on case histories.

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CHALLENGES TO INTEGRITY OF OLD PIPELINES: THE ARGENTINE EXPERIENCE

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  1. CHALLENGES TO INTEGRITY OF OLD PIPELINES: THE ARGENTINE EXPERIENCE P.G. Fazzini1, C. Manfredi1, J. Booman2, J.L Otegui3 * 1 Gie S.A. Integrity of Oil & Gas Facilities, www.giemdp.com.ar 2 Mechanical Integrity, Gie S.A. - University of Rosario, Argentina 3 Y-TEC (YPF-CONICET), Argentina

  2. Argentine high-pressure oil and gas transmission pipeline system • 40,000 km buried piping • Diameters 14 to 36 inches. • Construction dates 1960 to 1980 • Particular conditions that led to failures and damage of buried pipelines in Argentina • characteristics of soil, • demographic evolution, • original construction standards and procedures, • specific damage conditions based in case histories. • .

  3. Efforts by operators and regulation bodies to efficiently increase reliability of onshore buried pipelines. • Old Pipelines in stable ground: • SCC • ERW and old repairs • Fatigue and other mechanisms • Materials identification: ABI • demographic changes along right of ways

  4. Failures by SCC in buried pipelines Engineering Failure Analysis 9 (2002) 495–509 Until the 1990´s there had been no record of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) as a main cause of failures in Argentine pipelines, but as the pipeline system became of a certain age this mechanism started to have an important impact on reliability. Several blowouts attributed to high pH SCC in different oil and natural gas transmission pipelines, which occurred by the sudden propagation of longitudinal cracks at the outer surface of the pipes.

  5. Visual aspect of the SCC failure in a 14 inch ERW oil pipeline.

  6. Failure in a natural gas pipeline, 23 km downstream from the closest compressor station.

  7. Secondary cracks: colony.

  8. DEALING WITH LOW-FREQUENCY-WELDED ERW PIPE (John F. Kiefner) Special integrity assessments be made to address potential seam-defect problems in low-frequency-welded ERW (electric-resistance-welded) pipe materials, in high consequence areas.

  9. Experimental determination of stress corrosion crack rates and service lives in a buried ERW pipeline Intl J. Pressure Vessels and Piping 84 (2007) 739–748

  10. Fatigue and othermechanisms Fatigue assessment of a double submerged arc welded gas pipeline International Journal of Fatigue 29 (2007) 1115–1124

  11. oldrepairs Burst of a 24 in. gas pipeline, started by a rectangular repair patch.

  12. Influence of old rectangular repair patches on the burst pressure of a gas pipeline International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 83 (2006) 27–34

  13. oldrepairs A tract of pipe with multiple sleeve repairs being prepared for hydrostatic burst testing. Weld failures in sleeve reinforcements of pipelines J.L. Otegui et al . Engineering Failure Analysis 8 (2001) 57±73 Influence of multiple sleeve repairs on the structural integrity of gas pipelines. J.L. Otegui et al, Intl J.Pressure Vessels & Piping 79 (2002) 759–765

  14. Local collapse of gas pipelines under sleeve repairs. International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping 77 (2000)

  15. Old Pipelines: Materialsidentification MajorArgentine gas transportationcompaniesoperateold (1960`s) pipelines built and operatedbytheState. Afterprivatizations in the 1990´s, theyhavefacedproblems in assuringfitnessforpurposedue to lack of informationabout pipe materials. ABI (automatedballindentation) is a non destructive test designed to determine yield stress of line pipes, thusallowingcharacterizing pipe strength.

  16. demographic changes along right of ways Reduced acceptable risk of failures: serious burden for integrity in suburban areas where pipelines not piggable consequences of failures in plants: increased production and space constraints Increased risk of third party damage: failures due to improper use of suburban soil and tampering NOT so high Changes in soil conditions. Gas Pipeline Leakage in Urban Subsurface Soil. P.Venturino, J. L.Otegui, M. Teutónico. Procedia Materials Science Vol.1 pp. 289–296; Elsevier 2012

  17. Buildup of axial deformations and stresses in buried pipelines are a consequence of history of urban development: • Surface loads and soil movement • Changes in soil humidity, • Cyclic temperature changes around • the pipeline

  18. traza de gasoducto suburbano, puntos de medición y tensiones axiales medidas Integridad de Ductos sometidos a esfuerzos Externos. P. Fazzini, J.L. Otegui, G. Douce, J.C. Marconi 2 Congreso de Integridad en Instalaciones en el Upstream y Downstream de Petróleo y Gas, IAPG, CABA, Mayo 20-22, 2014.

  19. Nonlinear FEM Strategies for Modeling Pipe–Soil Interaction. H Kunert, J L Otegui, A Márquez, P Fazzini Eng. Failure Analysis, ISSN 1350-630, Vol. 24 pp 46–56. 2012 Record of strain gauge readings in a buried pipeline

  20. CONCLUDING REMARKS As in all countries, most frequent threats for integrity of onshore buried pipelines: corrosion third party damage. Efforts by operators and regulation bodies: to efficiently increase reliability of old pipelines particular characteristics of other most relevant damage stable ground: low pH SCC, low-frequency ERW seam pipes, loss of data about material and operation, old repairs, demographic changes along right of ways.

  21. THANK YOU! QUESTIONS? If You have further comments or questions, please send me an e-mail jose.l.otegui@set.ýpf.com

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