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Europeans Explore The East

Europeans Explore The East. Changes In Europe. 1400’s adventurous spirit/ curiosity develops People had a desire to: Get rich Spread Christianity Also, they had advanced sailing technology. Motivation. Europeans had long been attracted to Asia: 12 th century Crusaders

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Europeans Explore The East

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  1. Europeans Explore The East

  2. Changes In Europe • 1400’s adventurous spirit/ curiosity develops • People had a desire to: • Get rich • Spread Christianity • Also, they had advanced sailing technology

  3. Motivation Europeans had long been attracted to Asia: • 12th century Crusaders • 13th century Marco Polo reached China under Kublai Khan

  4. Motivation Conquests of Ottoman Turks and Mongols reduced ability of westerners to travel by land… & Muslims only traded with Italians

  5. Motivation Economic reasons- wanted to find precious metals (& luxury goods) and spice

  6. Motivation Religion-strong crusading spirit Crusades had left people with feelings of hostility towards non-Christians and with the desire to convert non-Christians

  7. Motivation Glory/ spirit of adventure *Primary Motives: Three “G’s” God, Glory and Gold

  8. Voyages Were Possible Because • Expansion sanctioned by government • Had increased knowledge of technology • Astrolabe • Multiple mast ships • Triangular lateen sail • Deep sea rudder • Magnetic Compass

  9. Portugal- Prince Henry • Portugal took the lead in exploration • Prince Henry established a navigation school • Taught: mapmaking, shipbuilding • Perfected the caravel- a sailboat with triangular sails • Established a number of trading posts along the west coast of Africa

  10. Portugal- Finds A Route To Asia • 1488 Bartolomeu Dias- sailed to the southern tip of Africa & around Cape of Good Hope • 1497 Vasco da Gama traveled around Africa and reached Calicut • Returned home with spices, gems, goods (cargo worth 60 times the cost of the voyage)!

  11. You Can See Portugal’s Wealth Today: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OkpicEJ1ioI

  12. Prince Henry the Navigator Bartolomeu Dias Vasco da Gama

  13. Spain Envious… • 1492 -Christopher Columbus sails west • October reached Caribbean • Thought he had reached Asia • Portugal thought he had reached Asia • Tension between the two countries! • 1493 Pope Alexander VI stepped in drew the Line of Demarcation

  14. Treaty Of Tordesillas SPAIN SPAIN PORTUGAL

  15. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NjEGncridoQ

  16. Trading Empires In Indian Ocean • Portugal took over control of the spice trade from Muslim Merchants • Defeated Muslim ship in battle 1509 • Built a fort in the Straits of Hormuz preventing Muslims from reaching India • Captured India’s Gao • Attacked & controlled Malacca/ Strait of Malacca

  17. Other Nations Challenge: • The newly freed Dutch Republic formed a trading company: Dutch East India Company • Took over Spice Islands • Cape of Good Hope (Africa) • England & France established outposts in India

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