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Explore the detailed design and operational plan for IceTop tanks at the South Pole, including construction, DAQ integration, simulations, and deployment support. Get insight into tank freezing, monitoring, and data goals for cosmic ray science.
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IceTop: PY2 Bartol Res. Inst. @ Univ. Delaware: Xinhua Bai, John Clem, Paul Evenson, Tom Gaisser, Andrew McDermott, Peter Niessen, James Roth, David Seckel, Len Shulman, Todor Stanev, Stoyan Stoyanov, Divya Swarnkar, Serap Tilav Univ. Wisconsin @ River Falls: Jonathan Eisch,Jim Madsen, Glenn Spiczak Chiba University: Shigeru Yoshida
Activity for Project Year 2 • PDR (7/15/03) • Tank development • Field season plans • Test stations • DAQ • Simulations • Other • Summary
Review of IceTop Design (ItDD) • Goals • Calibration • Veto & Tag • Cosmic Ray Science • Cover surface above IceCube with air-shower detectors • Water Cerenkov tanks (Auger) • Build on in-ice engineering
Requirements (7/15 PDR) • IceTop (overall plan to achieve science goals) • Station • Tanks • Construction • Liner • Water • DOMs • Cables • Deployment Support Equip. • Logistics • Deployment sequence (feedback to design issues) • Freezing equipment • Freeze monitoring • Counting house • DOM Hubs • Compute platforms for DAQ • Network Infrastructure • DAQ • FPGA Firmware • DOM app/DOM Hub • Post Hub (data handlers/triggers) • Integration • Test & development facilities
Tank Design • Top Down Design • Tank construction at Winchester • Degas system • Liner
Shootout at POW Top-down tank Bottom-up tank (with two rows of insulation remaining)
And the winner is… • Top down. (Bottom up is still a backup plan) • Comparable engineering difficulties • TD more mature & better studied • Limited resources • Modifications from POW • In tank, cheaper, more efficient degasser • Sunscreen • Thinner side insulation • Rigid cover (notshown) • Rigid heated relief tube
Data acquisition P (ballast) IceTop TestDAQ Temp DO in DO out
Degasser performance New (1 & 2 channels) Old (8 channels) • Similar efficiency at larger flow rate • 25 cc/s vs 0.75 cc/s per channel • Much cheaper! • Some H2O permeability: purge system
Search for Moby Tank • Tyvek has good optical properties but… • Inconvenient to install • Uncertain fiducial volume • Wrinkles • Oreo tank with TiO2 • UV not so good • MgO • UV ok • SiO2 • UV similar to MgO • Easier to use with polyethelene.
Season plans • Logistics/Deployment • Engineering tests • Tank freezing time • Ice quality • Functional TestDAQ • DOM MB temperature • Seasonal thermal changes in tank • Data goals • In situ operation • Muon calibration • Shower spectrum
South Pole 2003-2004 • IceTop tank deployment • James Roth (Nov 10-Dec 10), Andrew McDermott (Nov 10-Dec 10), Tom Gaisser (Nov 10-Dec 10) • IceTop freeze monitoring • Shiguru Yoshida (Dec 10-Dec 31), Jonathan Eisch (Dec 20-Jan 6) • IceCube TestDAQ deployment • John Kelly (Dec 29-Jan 20) , Albrecht Karle (?), Serap Tilav (Jan 12-Feb 12) • IceTop Close Out • Paul Evenson (Jan 6-Jan 21), Serap Tilav (Jan 12-Feb 12)
IceTop season plan (all dates approximate) • Shipping • Assemble equipment (Nov 10-16) • Deployment (Nov 17-23) • Mark tank location at SPASE • Excavation • Deliver tanks & equipment to site • Install sun-shield (temporary cover during freezing) • Lay out cables • Connect freezing equipment • Install DOMs (physical – not logical) • Fill with water • Survey (Tanks and SPASE stations) (Nov 24-30 or earlier) • Monitor freezing (Nov 23 – Dec 30 (40 day nominal) • Manage excess water • Install DAQ (Dec 29-Jan 20) • Close Tanks (Jan 12-26) • Insulate top of ice • Remove sun-shield; install plywood cover • Cover for dark operation of PMTs
Freeze model (UD version) • 2 zone model for POW freeze • Modified for Pole • Nominal 40 day freeze • Parameter study Ta = -20, -40 K ca = 5, 25 W / m2 K Pp = 0, 60 W
Freeze in (Bit-7 version) • FEA analysis • Air/Ice: no wind** • Water: enhanced diffusion • 50 days (< 50 cm ice) • No pump: 40 days
TestDAQ components • 4 DOMs (Rev-2 EXPA-1) • Local (http://www.ssec.wisc.edu/~kitamura/icetop.htm) • DOM Hub (Rack + DOR card) • Cables • Quads • Coincidence cables • Connectors • Test DAQ (software/firmware) • not production IceTop DAQ • Non-icecube components • Muon telescope (SPASE modules) • Common Clock
Data Goals • Install TestDAQ (U Wisc) • Installation by UW • Exercise TestDAQ • Operate DOMs • Pedestal • SPE • Set operational mode for IceTop data taking • Test Muon Calibration • Purpose: technique for full-up calibration • Additional Hardware • Muon telescope (SPASE scintillator modules) • Need coincidence between two DAQs • Shower spectrum • Offline analyis with SPASE • Test coincidence between tanks (may need revised FPGA app)
Operating Tank Facilities • South Pole • 2000, 2001 test tanks (Ice) (OMs) • 2003 IceTop test station (DOMs) • UD (housed at IEC) • Presently one tank (OM) • Plans for full station (2) (DOMs) • UWRF • 1 tank (OM DOM)
SP tanks 2000: 1 m2 2001: 3.6 m2
IEC Test Facility • Initial – White poly tank • 5/28 Fill • 5/30 1 PE waveforms • 5/30-6/9 Muon runs w/telescope • 6/17-20 More muon runs w/tele • 6/20-7/2 Install tyvek liner • 7/2 Fill • 7/3-7 Muon runs w/tele • 7/7-10 Muon calibration study wo/telescope • 8/5 Open tank for inspection • Stand down for other priorities • 10/15 Restart operations • 11/1 Second Tank (Tyvek) • ?/?/04 4 DOMs + Hub?
Muon telescope runs Summary • White PE underperforms wrt Tyvek • Path length dominates • Paths “close” to PMT have shoulder in charge/peak distributions • Response degrades slowly over time (~1% / week) • Need full up simulation to understand details • Need to study surface properties in lab Contact Bai for Details
4. 2 scintillators on top July 07-10, 2003 Pos-4 3. Side vertical July 07, 2003 Pos-3 20.5” 12.5” Water level 36” 11.5” 20.5” IEC muon calibration study Pos-3 Pos-4
UWRF Contact J. Eisch for Details
DAQ • Design & tasks • Development plans • Lab set up • DOM thermal tests
Common Event Builder IceTop DAQ components Monitoring DAQ Control DOMs (320) LG Chan. Tank 1 HG Chan InIce Trig.Gen. Vert. Sh. Trigger Station 1 DOM Hubs (10) HG Chan 10 Hz Hor. Sh. Trigger Tank 2 LG Chan IceTop Data Handler IceTop Data Handler IceTop Data Handler (SP) Design & Coding Station 2 Global Trigger Test, Design & Firmware 32 MB/s . . . . 100 kB/s Station 80 On line InIce DATA
Development plans • Tasks • Evaluate DOM(s) (Bai/Swarnkar/Seckel) • FPGA algorithms (Seckel) • FPGA design/implementation (Evenson) • IDH/Trigger design (Seckel/Swarnkar) • IDH/Trigger implementation (Swarnkar) • Facilities • Development Lab • DOM/DOM Hub (Need EPXA-4 DOM) • Light Source • Alterra Workstation • Test station • Two tanks IEC (Need 4 DOMs, DOM Hub, Cables)
DOM thermal study ~ 2.75 W We were hoping for 25 – Need thermal modification internal insulation/heater ? Needs to be > - 40 X.Bai, D.Swarnkar
Heater for IceTop? To use the configuration of test 3 With a linear exploration • Month Weather no-more If +1.2 Watts if +2.5Watts (monthly*) (nice try for 0304?) • January -27C -15.7C -12C -7.4C • February -45 • March -56 • April -55 • May -56 • June -59 • July -60C -48.7C -45C -40.4C • August -60 • September -59 • October -47 • November -31 • December -27 *) The monthly average surface temperature at the Pole is from http://www.tki.org.nz/r/socialscience/curriculum/SSOL/on_ice/
Simulations • IceTop questions (Clem & Niessen) • Tank design • Spacing/orientation of tanks at station • DOM placement • Tank details (water depth/ • Refinement of feature extraction, coincidence, triggering etc.. • Facilities • Lab/SP/IEC/UWRF • Compute clusters at UD (16 + 8 + 4 + 16) • Simulation contributions • Event generator: Air shower expertise (Team Bartol, Niessen) • IceTop tank response (“tanktonics”) (Clem & Niessen) • IceTop signal acquistion – FPGA (Seckel, Swarner) • DAQ operation – buffer and triggers (Seckel, Swarner)
Sim sim Gamma Component in a 10TeV Proton Shower at 10.6kft. Units are in cm and GeV • For • Particle input into tanksims • Estimates of response to physcis events • Needs • Air Shower Models • Corsika • Geant/Fluka • Tank/Array Layout Response Sampling
SSII: Tank response • For • Response to events • Tank design parameters • Input to DOM response • Needs • Sim Shower • Tank & DOM optical properties
SSIII: WaveForms • For • Response to events • FPGA design • Need • DOM SPE data • Tank model
Other tasks Need to Integrate IceTop into • Data Handling • Reconstruction • Filtering • IceTop triggered events • In-Ice trigger with IceTop “tag” • Analysis • IceTop data types • Science • Calibration • IceTop/InIce calibration
Summary • IceTop Design Review • Tanks • Main design (3rd iteration) • Under study: Liner, Parameters (location of DOMs, separation of tanks) • 03/04 Season Deployment • Complete IceTop station w/TestDAQ • Verify data expectations, calibration strategy • DAQ development • Some lingering HW issues • FPGA design • /IDH/triggers at • Simulation Development • Facilities: Lab, SP, UD, UWRF • Local design sims • Integration into IceCube simulation • Other • Data Handling, Reconstruction & Filtering, Analysis, Calibration