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Actuators

Actuators. - perform work made of: signal amplifier and the transducer. converts it into mechanical work. uses power source (electrical, hydraulic). N. S. + DC. -- DC. N. S. (a). commutator (split ring). (b). (c). rotor. conducting brushes. coil. + DC. -- DC. N. axle.

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Actuators

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  1. Actuators -perform work made of: signal amplifier and the transducer converts it into mechanical work uses power source (electrical, hydraulic)

  2. N S + DC -- DC N S (a) commutator (split ring) (b) (c) rotor conducting brushes coil + DC -- DC N axle S N S field magnet (fixed on stator) + DC -- DC + DC -- DC Electric Motors: AC, DC, Stepper motors Structure of a DC motor: How it works:

  3. DC motor properties, applications Speed regulation = (no load speed – full load speed)/no load speed

  4. AC motors How it works: - current passedthrough stator coils - current creates an alternating electromagnetic field - induces an alternating current in the rotor coils - interaction of the two electromagnetic fields  driving torque Servo motors Electronically controlled, position feedback AC motors

  5. Stepper motors Rotate in discrete steps (e.g. 2 for each “step”) electronic control

  6. Stepper motors: micro-stepping Variable strength of magnetic field for more resolution

  7. Hydraulic actuators - Use high pressure oil - high power and forces - linear or rotary motors possible Example ? Hydraulic motor drive schematic

  8. Pneumatic actuators A Simple Discrete Control Example (pneumatic actuation)

  9. Actuator Characteristics accuracy: [statistical]: (mean value – actual value) precision: [statistical]: standard deviation reliability: [time-dependent, statistical]: mean failure rate

  10. Switches and Relays Switches Relay

  11. Encoders: measuring rotational position Common use: position feedback for servo-control Absolute position encoder (coded pattern) directional incremental encoder Incremental encoder

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