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Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile

How do rivers affect the development of a civilization/city? What do the three rivers mean to the city of Pittsburgh? How have the three rivers affected the development of Pittsburgh?. Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile. The Land: Its Geography and Importance. Landscape.

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Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile

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  1. How do rivers affect the development of a civilization/city? What do the three rivers mean to the city of Pittsburgh? How have the three rivers affected the development of Pittsburgh?

  2. Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile The Land: Its Geography and Importance

  3. Landscape • 12,000 years ago: Swampland • Egypt Today: Mostly desert • Geographical Factor: Nile River. • Fostered one of the earliest and richest civilizations.

  4. About the Nile River • The longest river in the world • 4,160 miles • Flows from South to North. • Forms a large delta • Empties into the Mediterranean Sea.

  5. The Nile Fosters Civilization • Flow: S to N allows people to move goods upland (North) • Winds: blew from N to S off of the Med. Sea • allows boats to sail Southward

  6. The Nile Fosters Civilization • Nile River: Linked all parts of Nile Valley. • Pathway of travel/trading of goods and ideas. • Helped Ancient Egyptians unite into one kingdom.

  7. The Nile and Early Civilization • Flooding: caused by heavy summer rains. • Left rich and fertile soil deposits. • Farmers plan work around annual floods • Harvest crops before flood. • Large crop yields = population growth. *Climate: Sunny and frost free. ~ Easy to grow crops.

  8. The Nile Valley • Location: surrounded by desert and sea. • natural protection against invaders. • Built unique culture • Isthmus of Suez: broke the natural barriers. • Land bridge between Africa and Asia • Route for trade with Middle East

  9. Early Steps Toward Civilization • Hunter-gatherers: 12,000 B.C. • By 3,000 BC: important steps toward civilization. • Developed farming communities. • Created Tools: Copper/Bronze. • Developed a writing system.

  10. ~More than 600 signs and pictures- represent words and sounds. ~Carved into stone. ~Later written on papyrus. Hieroglyphics

  11. ~Plant found in the Nile marshes ~Cut into slices and pressed together. ~Written on with ink. Papyrus

  12. Rosetta Stone ~Translated Hieroglyphics • discovered by French soldiers in 1799 ~Passages carved in Greek, Hieroglyphics and Demotic. ~Eyewitness account of Egyptian history.

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