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Combining Elements

Physical Science 1 Chapter 20 – Chemical Bonds Meet the Elements – They Might be Giants Elemental Funkiness. →. Combining Elements. The chemical & physical properties of the elements are different than the properties of the compound they make up Na + Cl 2 → NaCl

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Combining Elements

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  1. Physical Science 1Chapter 20 – Chemical BondsMeet the Elements – They Might be GiantsElemental Funkiness

  2. → Combining Elements • The chemical & physical properties of the elements are different than the properties of the compound they make up • Na + Cl2→ NaCl • Reaction of Sodium with Chlorine

  3. No subscript is understood to mean 1 atom of the previous element Hydrogen Oxygen 2 atoms of the previous element = 2 hydrogen atoms Chemical Formulas • Chemical shorthand of compounds and molecules • Uses the chemical symbols and trailing subscripts to illustrate the type and number of each atom involved in the chemical bond. • Water = H2O

  4. Practice with Chemical Formulas Common Name Chemical Formula Types & Number Type of Bond of Elements involved(ionic - covalent) • Sand SiO2 • Milk of MagnesiaMg(OH)2 • Sucrose C12H22O11 • Vinegar HC2H3O2 • Ethanol C2H5OH →

  5. Atomic Stability • Why do atoms form compounds? • To become stable • What does stable mean to an atom? • Full Set of Valence electrons • Atoms want to have the electron configuration of a noble gas • Atoms will gain, lose or share electrons in order to obtain a full set of valence electrons • Chemical Bonds

  6. Chemical Bonds • IONIC BONDS • between metals & nonmetals • Electrons form a give take relationship • metals give e- (cation) • nonmetal take e- (anion) • Held together by attraction of opposite charges IONIC ANIMATION Types of Bonds

  7. Table Polyatomic Ions Ion – a charged particle due to gaining or losing e- Cations = positive ions, lost e- METALS Anions = negative ions, gained e- NONMETALS PolyatomicIons • The prefix poly- means many in Greek. • ion consisting of a molecule with many covalently bonded atoms • act as a single unit • polyatomic ion is also referred as a radical • Usually end in –ate & –ite • -ide usually indicates binary compounds

  8. + 1 cation – 1 anions – 2 anions – 3 anion

  9. COVALENT BONDS • Between 2 nonmetals • Electrons are shared between both elements • Polar Bonds • an unequal sharing of the e- • Due to a difference of electro-negativity of the atoms • F is the most electronegative element on PT • A simulation of polar covalent bonding in the H2O molecule Only valence electrons are shown • Non-polar Bonds • an equal sharing of e- • nonpolar bond animation • Multiple Bonds – More than one pair of electrons can be shared between atoms • Double Bonds = 2 shared pairs of e- • Triple Bonds= 3 shared pairs of e- • Chemical Bonding • COVALENT QUIZ

  10. Comparing ionic and molecular compounds

  11. Name this compound Ba(Na)2 • BANANA • http://www.accessexcellence.org/RC/VL/GG/ecb/covalent_ionic_bonds.html • http://misterguch.brinkster.net/ioniccovalentworksheets.html • http://www.visionlearning.com/library/module_viewer.php?mid=55

  12. Group the compounds by ratios 1:1, 1:2, 2:1 1:3 & 2:3Using a PT record the group for each element in all compounds Record each groupBased on your patterns, Write rules for the ratio of elements in a compound • Using your rules, predict a formula between Li & F and between Li & O • Using your rules, choose elements to make four compounds that are not already on the sheet. • 3. Explain why MgCl2 is correct and Cl2Mg is incorrect. • 4. How is MgCl2 possible and MgLi2 is not?

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