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People’s learning in urban --- Creating a learning community in a city ---. University of Kobe Japan MAKOTO SUEMOTO. 1. Adult and Community Education Act and the “ kôminnkan ”. Adult and Community Education Act (1949) Regal systems for a nation’s lifelong learning.
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People’s learning in urban --- Creating a learning community in a city --- University of Kobe Japan MAKOTO SUEMOTO
1. Adult and Community Education Act and the “kôminnkan” Makoto Suemoto • Adult and Community Education Act (1949) • Regal systems for a nation’s lifelong learning. • Community based learning activities by inhabitants. • A “kôminnkan” • A centre for problem solving of community life, based on mutual help and solidarity. • The status quo; “kôminnkan” (17,143) elementary school (23,123) junior high school (11,035) at 1,730 municipalities in all over Japan.
2. The urban type of “kôminnkan with three stories” People’s university Discussion space Meeting space of residents Makoto Suemoto 3F 2F 1F
3. Functions of urban kominnkan” Makoto Suemoto • Many living and community problems: • hard Isolation and loneliness,consumption, child-bringing up, education, aged people, handicapped persons, foreign workers and their family, poverty…, • To life is to solve problems. • Inhabitant as the subjectof problem solving • People comes to kôminnkan with problems. • Exchange gives them a clue to the solution. • Enhancement by learning • Self-supported community development by people. • Enhancing high potential by learning.
4.Commercialism in lifelong learning and the globalization of knowledge Makoto Suemoto • The Act on the improvement of systems for the promotion of lifelong learning (1990) • The politic that depends on a culturebusiness. • Introduction of commercialism in the world of learning. • The globalization in learning: formalization and uniformity of the intellect. • Contradiction and inconsistency between the Adult/Community Education Act and the Act on lifelong learning.
5.Comparison:Adult/Community Education Act & Lifelong learning Act Makoto Suemoto
6. New trends and problems Makoto Suemoto • Enforcement of Non Profit Organization Act (1998) • expansion of citizens’ initiatives; learning by doing. • Development of new adult learning theory • andragogy (Knowles), reflective learning(Mezirow) • Remarks on “local intellect” • universal intellect vs specificity, contingency, individuality, locality in the intellect (Morin) • Change of urban living • appearance of new problems; gap widening society, multicultural society, aggravation of poverty…
7. Conclusion: learning for a new citizenship Makoto Suemoto • ESD( Education for Sustainable Development) and new citizenship education (lifelong learning) • Keywords of ESD • The sense of person concerned. • Problem discovering ability. • The sense of coexistence. • The sense of mutuality. • Participation and the sense of initiative. • Empowerment. • Responsibility for a future.