EGYPT

1. EGYPT Nadzak

3. READ-ALOUD!

4. Get out your AGENDA!

5. Bring in WHITE t-shirt or white sheet! Need fabric paint & fabric glitter paint for WOW points! ECHALK HOMEWORK due Thursday! Get PROGRESS REPORTS SIGNED!

7. START HERE

10. Did you know Egyptians ate their kids!!??

11. For what is Egypt famous? Pharaohs Mummies Pyramids Tombs Deserts & sand The Nile River

12. Where is Egypt? • In continent of Africa • The River Nile runs through it • The capital is Cairo

13. Upper and Lower Egypt • Ancient Egypt was divided into two regions: Upper and Lower Egypt. • Lower (northern) Egypt consisted of the Nile River’s delta made by the river as it empties into the Mediterranean. • Upper (southern) Egypt was the long, narrow strip of ancient Egypt located south of the Delta.

14. Nubia • Land to the south of Egypt between the Nile’s first and sixth cataracts • Cataracts are steep descents of the water of a river, usually making navigation difficult or impossible • Lacked Egypt’s broad floodplain and therefore was less able to agriculturally support a large population

17. ????

18. In what continent is Egypt?

19. Africa

20. What’s the capital of Egypt?

21. Cairo

22. Upper Egypt consists of what?

23. long, narrow strip of ancient Egypt located south of the Delta.

25. Lower Egypt consists of what?

26. Nile River’s delta made by the river as it empties into the Mediterranean

28. Contrast Nubia & Egypt.

29. Nubia did not have sustainable agriculture like Egypt.

31. REMEMBERTHIS???

32. Characteristics of a Civilization • Intensive agricultural techniques • Specialization of labor • Cities • A social hierarchy • Organized religion and education • Development of complex forms of economic exchange • Development of new technologies • Advanced development of the arts. • Writing

33. Did Egypt have them???

37. Agriculture The Nile River Basin: A Ribbon of Green

38. Agriculture • Egypt = the “Gift of the Nile” • Egyptians took advantage of the Nile’s annual floods to become an especially productive agricultural region • After the floods receded in late summer, cultivators could go into the floodplains and sow their seeds without extensive preparation of the soil Nile River Delta

39. rivers agriculture populations cities specialization hierarchy Agriculture • Expanded agriculture led to expanded populations and demand for increased production • Cultivators moved beyond the Nile’s immediate floodplains building dikes to protect their fields from floods and catchment basins to store water for irrigation

40. Shaduf • To lift water from the canal Egyptians used a shaduf, a large pole balanced on a crossbeam with a rope and bucket on one end and a heavy counter weight at the other. • When the rope was pulled, the bucket would be lowered into the canal. • The counterweight would raise the bucket. • The farmer would then carry the bucket to the field and water it.

42. ????

43. How do we know the Scarab beetle was important to Egyptians?

44. It was given as a good luck charm.

45. Specialization Brewing and Breadmaking Plowing and Sowing Sailing Harvesting papyrus and Herding

46. Specialization • Nile societies were much slower than their Mesopotamian counterparts to adopt metal tools and weapons • Did develop pottery, textile manufacture, woodworking, leather production, stonecutting, and masonry occupations Egyptian pottery makers

47. Specialization • Building a pyramid would require • Laborers • Architects • Engineers • Craftsmen • Artists

48. Cities

49. Cities • Relatively few cities and high administrative centralization • Memphis • Founded by Menes around 3100 BC as capital of a united Upper and Lower Egypt • Located at the head of the Nile River Delta • Thebes • Administrative center of Upper Egypt • Seat of worship for Amon

50. Religion and Education