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Nitrogen Utilization by Saprophytic Fungi in a Managed Forest Ecosystem

Nitrogen Utilization by Saprophytic Fungi in a Managed Forest Ecosystem. Brian Strahm. Introduction. “Under the silent , relentless chemical jaws of the fungi, the debris of the forest quickly disappears…” -A. Forsyth and K. Miyata, Tropical Nature. NITROGEN limiting nutrient for plant and

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Nitrogen Utilization by Saprophytic Fungi in a Managed Forest Ecosystem

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  1. Nitrogen Utilization by Saprophytic Fungi in a Managed Forest Ecosystem Brian Strahm

  2. Introduction “Under the silent , relentless chemical jaws of the fungi, the debris of the forest quickly disappears…” -A. Forsyth and K. Miyata, Tropical Nature NITROGEN limiting nutrient for plant and microbial growth FUNGI decomposers of soil organic matter DECOMPOSITION releases nutrients back into the environment

  3. Fall River LTSP Study • Pacific County, WA • Weyerhaeuser - • McDonald Tree Farm • Treatments: • Conventional Bole Only • Total Tree Plus

  4. Treatments Total Tree Plus Bole Only 2nd Generation Douglas-fir Forest (~ 47 years old)

  5. Methods Malt Extract Nitrogen Substrates

  6. Nitrogen Substrates • Organic Nitrogen: • Aspartate - chain structure; single N • Arginine - chain structure; multiple N • Proline - ring compound; single N Inorganic Nitrogen: • Sodium nitrate - Na+ NO3- • Ammonium chloride - NH4+ Cl- • Ammonium nitrate - NH4+ NO3- Amino acids Ions in solution

  7. Organic Substrates Aspartate Proline Arginine

  8. Inorganic Substrates Ammonium (NH4+) hydrogen nitrogen nitrogen oxygen Nitrate (NO3-)

  9. Results

  10. Results

  11. Results

  12. Results

  13. Conclusions • Environmental Homogeneity and Specialization • Forest Stand: • Heterogeneous environment • No particular substrate specialization • Bole Only: • Increasingly homogeneous environment • Trend toward utilization of inorganic nitrogen • Total Tree Plus: • Homogenous environment • Strongest prevalence for inorganic nitrogen • Proline / Pathogenic fungi?

  14. Thanks Tina Jensen Marianne Elliott 

  15. References • Edmonds, R.L., Thomas, T.B, Rhodes, J.J. 1991. Canopy and soil • modification of precipitation chemistry in a temperate rain forest. Soil Science Society of America Journal 55: 1685-1693. • Gebauer, G., Taylor, A.F.S. 1999. 15N natural abundance in fruit • bodies of different functional groups of fungi in relation to • substrate utilization. New Phytology 142: 93-101. • Osono, T., Takeda, H. 2001. Organic chemical and nutrient • dynamics in decomposing beech leaf litter in relation to fungal • ingrowth and succession during 3-year decomposition processes • in a cool temperate deciduous forest in Japan. Ecological • Research 16: 649-670. • Sharples, J.M., Cairney, J.W.C. 1997. Organic nitrogen utilization • by an unidentified mycobiant isolated from mycorrhizas of • Pisonia grandis. Mycol. Res. 101: 315-318. • Yamanaka, T. 1999. Utilization of inorganic and organic nitrogen • in pure cultures by saprophytic and ectomycorrhizal fungi • producing sporophores on urea-treated forest floor. Mycol. Res. 7: 811-816.

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