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Lecture Outline

Lecture Outline. Types of International Organizations 1. By Membership 2. By Aims and Activities 3. By Structure. Types of IOs By Membership.

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Lecture Outline

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  1. Lecture Outline • Types of International Organizations 1. By Membership 2. By Aims and Activities 3. By Structure

  2. Types of IOs By Membership

  3. Types of IOs By Membership I. According to the Characteristics of the Members 1. Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs) 2. Transnational Organizations (TNOs) INGOs Hybrid INGO BINGO 3. TGOII. According to the Scope of the Membership 1. Regional 2. Universal

  4. Types of IOs By Aims and Activities

  5. Every organization has certain aims specified in the founding agreement International Poplar Commission of FAO Asian Coconut Community International Tin Council International Monetary Fund The United Nations North Atlantic Treaty Organization UEFA

  6. Several classifications of IOs can be made according to the Aims and Activities • For instance • A. General-Purposed Organizations • B. Specific-Purposed Organizations • A. Political Organizations • B. Technical Organizations • A. Military Security Organizations • B. Political Organizations • C. Economic Organizations • A. High Political Organizations • B. Low Political Organizations

  7. Types of IOs By Aims and Activities • Two ways of classification by aims and activities are possible: • According to areas of activity within which the IO acts • a. General • b. Specific • 2. Orientation of the activities involved • a. IOs aimed at settling disputes among members • b. IOs designed to a common front against an outside actor • c. IOs aimed at dealing with economic and technical relations

  8. Types of Relationships that IOs are Intended to Create • Encouraging Cooperative Relations • Decreasing the level of conflict Crisis Management Conflict Management 3. The aim of producing a confrontation

  9. Types of Relationships that IOs are Intended to Create 1 2 3

  10. Types of IOs By Structure

  11. Types of IOs By Structure Nordic Council Secretariat Council of Ministers The United Nations SC, GA, ECOSOC, Secretariat, ICJ

  12. What should be the Criteria for the Classification of IOs by Structure? • Distribution of institutional power among the members • Balance between the influence of the member states and that of the organization’s institutions • Balance between governmental and nongovernmental representation

  13. Distribution of institutional power among the members (Institutional Power of Members) • Power distribution in the executive organs OAU Council of Ministers UN Security Council 2. Voting Mechanisms in the Assembly UN General Assembly (or may be GA) IMF, IBRD European Union Majority vs. Unanimity (absolute, two third majority) Situation in the LN and UN

  14. 2. Balance between the influence of the member states and that of the organization’s institutions technical questions political questions Convergence of interests divergence of interests independence dependence

  15. 2. Balance between the influence of the member states and that of the organization’s institutions The more the independence of the organization The more the organization is successfull to fulfill its purposes

  16. 2. Balance between the influence of the member states and that of the organization’s institutions For instance article 100 of the UN Charter suggests that “Each member of the UN undertakes to respect the exclusively international character of the responsibilities of the Secretary-General and the staff and not to seek to influence them in the disharge of their responsibilities.”

  17. 2. Balance between the influence of the member states and that of the organization’s institutions For instance the European Commission was strengthened in the European Union.

  18. 3. Balance between governmental and nongovernmental representation The major indicator in this distinction is that: “the extent to which organs of an international organization contain non-governmental representaion as opposed to governmental.” IGOs INGOs EUInter-Parliamentary Union ILO

  19. An Exercise of Cross-Classification Regional Specific Genaral Universal

  20. A Summary of the Types of IOs

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