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Free Blacks: Slaves Without Masters. Over 250,000 free slaves by 1860 Types of Slaves: Mulattoes – children of white plantation masters and black mistresses Slaves who purchased their own freedom . Most free blacks considered “third race” Forbidden from testifying against whites in court
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Over 250,000 free slaves by 1860 • Types of Slaves: • Mulattoes – children of white plantation masters and black mistresses • Slaves who purchased their own freedom
Most free blacks considered “third race” • Forbidden from testifying against whites in court • Certain jobs • No schooling • Segregation was very strong in both the South and North • Competition between blacks and Irish for jobs
Anti-Black feeling was stronger in the North than the South • Frederick Douglas frequently beaten by whites
Nearly 4 million black slaves by 1860 • Slave owners had to smuggle slaves in • Most of the slave population came from reproduction
Slaves considered a investment in Southern society • Over 2 billion dollars invested in slaves • Most slaves were spared from the bad jobs which were given to the Irish
Slavery was profitable for Southern planters but limited economic development as a whole • The majority of the population in the South were blacks
“Breeding” slaves was encouraged by slave owners • Some slaves were offered freedom if they had 10 children • Slaves from soil exhausted states were sometimes “sold down the river” to work on cotton plantations • Slave auctions were terrible • Families separated • Central theme of Uncle Tom’s Cabin
