220 likes | 304 Views
Changes in the United States. Vocab for Ch. 17 page 384. Industrial Revolution Homestead Act Monopoly Urbanization Populism Progressivism Sherman Antitrust Act defraud. Vocabulary Activity. Fold a paper in half twice to create four boxes
E N D
Vocab for Ch. 17 page 384 • Industrial Revolution • Homestead Act • Monopoly • Urbanization • Populism • Progressivism • Sherman Antitrust Act • defraud
Vocabulary Activity • Fold a paper in half twice to create four boxes • Define each vocab term by creating a picture or series of pictures that represents the definition. • After you have created your picture define the key terms in your own words in the box with the corresponding picture.
The Rise of Industry in the United States Railroads- linked all parts of the nation and carried raw materials to factories Steel- low cost metal that was easily produced and used to build railroads, factories, tools, and skyscrapers
Railroads lead industrial development • Homestead Act- gave free land in the west if you farmed it for 5 years • Transcontinental Railroad- connected Atlantic and Pacific coasts. • Union Pacific and Central Pacific were given the task to construct a route through the middle of the country. • Paid $16,000 per mile of flat land $48,000 per mile through mountains
Steel replaces iron • Steel is purified iron ore and better than iron • Andrew Carnegie was responsible for the growth of the US steel industry. • Produced his own steel at a lower cost and did so more quickly. • Steel then replaced iron and became the most important building material in the industrial era
Discovery of “black gold” • Black Gold- oil • Oil had to be refined to be useful • John D Rockefeller created Standard Oil Company that controlled 90% of the refining industry • Rockefeller created a monopoly or total control in an industry. • He did this by setting prices and controlling supply
Inventions • Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone which dramatically changed communication • Thomas Edison invented the phonograph, motion picture camera, light bulb, and the electrical power plant • Patent- legally prevents someone from coping another persons invention
Inventions Timeline • With a partner create a timeline of when you think the following major inventions happened. (1900-2012) 1.HD TV 7.The computer mouse 2.Car 8.YouTube 3.Helicopter 9.the first video game 4.Velcro 10.airplane 5.McDonalds 11.Air Conditioner 6.Mobile phones 12.Atomic Bomb
Manufacturing • Henry Ford in 1903 complete the first car or “horseless carriage” • Assembly line- Ford used to create cars more quickly and efficiently. One person responsible for one part. The car traveled along a conveyer belt as each person added their part • Able to produce 146 cars per hour or 1 car every 25 seconds
Robber Barons or captains of industry • Some people considered Carnegie, Rockefeller, and Ford to be thieves that took advantage of their workers and destroyed competitors • Others saw them as captains of industry who made the United States into the greatest industrial power in the world. • WHAT DO YOU THINK?
Answer questions 1-5 on page 389 • Summarizing- Describe the building of the first transcontinental railroad. • How did steelmaking change between 1850 and 1900? • Why are the growth of railroads and steelmaking examples of the Industrial Revolution in America? • How did Edison, Rockefeller, Graham Bell, and Ford change the way people lived • What problems might have been created by the growth of industry?
Journal Entry (Ch.17.2) • Read pages 390-392 • Write an journal entry (2 paragraphs) from the perspective of a family moving into the city for work. You can choose to be a farmer or an immigrant. • Make sure you explain why you are moving into the city. • Tell where you are from (what state/country) and where you are settling (city/state). • Describe how your new life is different. From your house to your surroundings
Changes to farming • New methods – rotating crops, fertilizers • New tools – steel plows and tractors • Transportation – improved market for selling goods • Problems – new methods and equipment meant less farmers needed; • Urbanization – farmers moved to cities in look for jobs
Ellis Island • Immigration station off the coast of New York where immigrants were made to stop to go through a series of exams before entering the U.S.
Immigration • Industries needed workers • Immigrants from Poland, Russia, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Greece, Turkey • Settled in Northeast and Midwest • Chinese – brought in for railroads, settled in California • Industrial development still slow in south
Problems in Cities • New jobs - teachers, doctors, bankers, lawyers, service (restaurants, police, fire fighters) • Problems – Overcrowding, poverty • Tenements – small run down apartment buildings often shared by many families • Rich became richer • Construction of skyscrapers
Populism • Inflation- rise in prices • Focused on meeting needs of common people • Gave farmers and workers a greater voice • Better working conditions, 8 hour work day, higher wages • Labor Unions – organized to give workers better wages and working conditions • Strike – shut down of factory organized by unions to get demands
Progressivism • Reform of city life, but not limited to cities • Jane Addams – Hull House • Initiative – voters propose laws • Referendum – voters vote directly • Sherman Anti-Trust Act – illegal for company to control entire industry • Teddy Roosevelt – 1st Progressive President – youngest president ever elected • The Jungle – book exposed meat packaging industry
Notes for Video • The Jungle • Name three problems mentioned in the video. • Identify 3 solutions to the problems mentioned.
Assembly Line • Engineer – traces stencil onto piece of paper • Production – Cuts outline out of paper • Assemblers - put boxes together • Efficiency Mgr/Quality Control – Takes notes on what group is doing right and wrong, how they can improve/ inspects quality of boxes – throws out poor quality boxes
Cottage Industry • Job titles • Same as above but there are only three students in a group. 2 students split the jobs of Engineer, Production, and Assembler, while 3rd is Efficiency Mgr/Quality Control