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Study Notes on Chapter 14.1: The Human Heredity

Study Notes on Chapter 14.1: The Human Heredity. Hilary Kennedy, Rhona LaForest , and Markie Kilcollins. Karyotype is a picture of chromosomes. 2 out of the 46 chromosomes are sex chromosomes The rest of the 44 chromosomes are called autosomes . Females have XX sex chromosomes

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Study Notes on Chapter 14.1: The Human Heredity

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  1. Study Notes on Chapter 14.1: The Human Heredity Hilary Kennedy, RhonaLaForest, and MarkieKilcollins

  2. Karyotype is a picture of chromosomes. • 2 out of the 46chromosomes are sex chromosomes • The rest of the 44 chromosomes are called autosomes. • Females have XX sex chromosomes • Males have XY sex chromosomes. • Therefore there is 50% chance that the sperm will carry an X or Y chromosomes.

  3. A pedigree chart can show relationships within families. • There are two Blood Groups; • ABO and RH • Rh+ is dominant rather than Rh- • Knowing a person’s blood group is critical to know because using the wrong blood type could be fatal. • Alleles IᴬandIᴮ are codominant.

  4. Sickle Cells is a common disorder formed in African Americans. • It is characterized by the bent and twisted shape. • People with this disease inherited DNA copies of the sickle cell allele.

  5. PKU (Phenylketonuria) , is a genetic disease that has a recessive allele. • People with PKU lack the enzyme that’s needed to break down phenlalnine, which is an amino acid found in milk and other foods. • If a newborn has PKU, phenyalanine may build up in the tissues during the child’s fist uears of life and cause severe mental redardation. • They would’ve had to inherit the recessie allele from both parents.

  6. Some disorders are caused by autosomal recessive alleles. • Tay-Sachs disease is one effected by this. • This is a disease caused by an alleles found mostly in Jewish families of central and eastern European countries. • This disease results in nervous system breakdown and death in the first few years of life. • There is no cure for this disease by there is a test which can determine whether you contain this allele.

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