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The Eisenhower Years (1952-1960)

The Eisenhower Years (1952-1960). By Paul Stanczuk. Eisenhower ran against Adlai Stevenson Nixon running mate Nixon’s Checkers speech to save reputation. 55% of Popular Vote Electoral College Landslide. 442 Eisenhower to 89 Stevenson. Election of 1952.

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The Eisenhower Years (1952-1960)

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  1. The Eisenhower Years (1952-1960) By Paul Stanczuk

  2. Eisenhower ran against Adlai Stevenson Nixon running mate Nixon’s Checkers speech to save reputation. 55% of Popular Vote Electoral College Landslide. 442 Eisenhower to 89 Stevenson Election of 1952

  3. Domestic Policies • Modern Republicansim • Extending some New Deal programs, and extended S.S. • Interstate Highway System • Created jobs, promoted the trucking industry, accelerated growth of the suburbs

  4. Election of 1956 • Ike was more popular than ever. • Democrats nominated Stevenson again. • Ike won the election in a great margin but Democrats took control of both houses.

  5. Eisenhower and the Cold War • Secretary of State John Foster Dulles “Brinkership” • Dulles believed in getting more “bang for the buck”

  6. Covert Actions • 1953 - CIA played major role in helping to overthrow a government in Iran that was attempting to nationalize the holding of oil companies. • 1954 - CIA overthrew a leftist government in Guatemala than threatened American business interests.

  7. Cold War in Asia • Korean Armistice, left Korea divided along the 38th parallel even still this day. • Fall of Indochina, French tried to regain old colonies that were invaded by the Japanese. • Geneva Conference of 1954 , French gave Indochina. Also divided Vietnam in two. • SEATO was established to prevent communism to spreading to these countries.

  8. Cold War in the Middle East • Suez Crisis - Egypt seized and nationalized the canal threatening Western Europe’s supply to Middle Eastern oil. • Eisenhower Doctrine - pledged U.S. aid to any Middle Eastern country threatened by communism. • Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

  9. US-Soviet Relations • “Spirit of Geneva” Eisenhower called for a slowdown on the arms race. First thaw in Cold War. • Plee for “open skies” was denied by Soviets. • Soviet end of Hungarian revolution ended Dulles’ liberating in the region since the US did not do anything in fear of sparking a new World War. • Sputnik caused the US to evaluate their technological leadership. Lead to improvements in education. Also increased fears of nuclear war.

  10. US-Soviet Relations • Second Berlin Crisis, Soviets confident with recent Sputnik success proclaimed that the West must leave West Berlin within six months. The U.S. refused and invited Khrushchev to Camp David. The Crisis was put off. • U-2 Incident- US spy plane was shot down and exposed US secretly taking photos of the Soviets even with the pervious refusal of the “open skies” by the Soviets.

  11. Communism in Cuba

  12. Communism in Cuba

  13. Communism in Cuba • Fidel Castro led a revolution on Cuba, no one knew if the government would be better. • Castro nationalized all American holdings and looked for the Soviets for help, setting up a communist totalitarian state.

  14. Civil Rights Movement • Jackie Robinson broke the color barrier by playing for the New York Dodgers. • Truman integrated the armed forces in 1948 and introduced civil rights legislation in congress. • Many African- Americans moved to Urban centers both in the North and South.

  15. Civil Rights Movement • Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka - overturned Plessy v. Ferguson • Montgomery Bus Boycott, Rosa Parks refused to sit in the back and was arrested, sparked a protest in the form of a boycott. • Martin Luther King, Jr. was an inspiring leader of the nonviolent movement. • Civil Rights laws of 1957, and 1960 were passed.

  16. Culture in the 50’s • Television became center of family life. • Advertisements,new marketing techniques. • Paperback books and Records • Corporate America • Disneyland opened in 1955 • Spread of Religion

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