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Early Society in East Asia

Discover the origins of civilization in East Asia, from neolithic communities to the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties. Explore the social structure, family roles, religion, writing systems, and interactions with Steppe Nomads.

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Early Society in East Asia

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  1. Early Society in East Asia

  2. World’s Oldest Continuous Civilization

  3. By 5000 B.C.E. we see neolithic communities

  4. Rice and Millet were grown at first, then wheat and barley

  5. Rivers: Yellow (Huang He), Yangzi (Chang Jiang)

  6. Yellow: • Loess • Changes path • Floods • “China’s Sorrow”

  7. Geographically Isolated by Mountain Ranges and Deserts

  8. They created dynasties.

  9. Xia Dynasty 2200 B.C.E

  10. Hereditary monarchical rule • Sage-king Yu • Flood control projects • Encouraged cities and metallurgy (bronze)

  11. Shang Dynasty 1766 B.C.E.

  12. First written records in China • Used bronze for weapons (elite control) • Horse-drawn chariots • Large military

  13. Shang kings controlled over 1000 towns • Cities were important • City walls thick and tall • Kings’ tombs contain 1000s of objects, animals, and people!

  14. Zhou Dynasty 1122 B.C.E.

  15. Mandate of Heaven, Dynastic Cycle • Nobles given land for military service(like feudalism) • Rule was decentralized

  16. Iron use and invasion led to the Period of Warring States= 403-221 B.C.E.

  17. Social Structure: • 1.Royal Family and Nobles • 2.Specialized labor • 3.Merchants/Traders • 4.Peasants • 5.Slaves

  18. Family and Patriarchy: • Veneration of Ancestors • Eldest male was head of household • At first women had some prominent roles, then completely overshadowed

  19. Religion: • Organized religion not important • Didn’t have priests like other civilizations • Myths and legends • Polytheistic • Ancestor worship

  20. Writing: • Secular • Oracle bones • Characters=Pictograph whole word/idea

  21. Books of poetry and history • Essays dealing with moral, religious, and political themes • Book of Changes, History, Etiquette, Rites

  22. Book of Songs: 311 poems, after 600 B.C.E. • Many works deteriorated or destroyed

  23. Steppe Nomads: • Herders not farmers • Used horses • Intermediaries for trade • Fought with Chinese

  24. Yangzi Valley: • “Long river” • complex irrigation systems for rice • Societies much like those on Yellow, State of Chu

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