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Introduction to MARPOL

World Maritime University. Introduction to MARPOL. Professor Jan-Åke Jönsson, WMU. HARMFUL SUBSTANCES:. Harmful substance means any substance which, if introduced into the sea, is liable to create hazards to human health, to harm living resources and marine life,

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Introduction to MARPOL

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  1. World Maritime University Introduction to MARPOL Professor Jan-Åke Jönsson, WMU

  2. HARMFUL SUBSTANCES: Harmful substance means any substance which, if introduced into the sea, is liable to create hazards to human health, to harm living resources and marine life, to damage amenities or to interfere with other legitimate uses of the sea

  3. IS SHIPPING A “DIRTY” BUSINESS ?

  4. + pollution from accidents !!!!!

  5. Sources and Percentages of Oceanic Oil Pollution

  6. MARPOL OBJECTIVES? GOALS? TOOLS?

  7. MARPOL Objectives: POLLUTION shall be avoided to preserve: • the human environment in general and • the marine environment in particular

  8. MARPOL Goals • Complete elimination of pollution • Minimization of accidental discharge

  9. RELEASEof OIL and other harmful substances: DELIBERATECriminal NEGLIGENTCan be rectified with good education and equipment. ACCIDENTALCan be rectified with good education, equipment and arrangement of the cargo compartment.

  10. MARPOL Tools • Establishing ofrules, which of course must be followed! However, that is not always the case, and therefore it is also necessary with: Flag State Control & Port State Control

  11. Annex I- Regulations for the prevention of pollution by oil

  12. Annex II - Regulations for the control of pollution by noxious liquid substances (NLS) in bulk liquid bulk cargo (all in ths. tons)

  13. Annex III - Regulations for the prevention of pollution by harmful substances carried by sea in packaged form

  14. Annex IV - Regulations for the prevention of pollution by sewage from ships

  15. Annex V-Regulations for the prevention of pollution by garbage from ships

  16. Annex VI - Regulations for the prevention of Air Pollution From Ships

  17. STATUS OF MARPOL 73/78 (as at 31 January 2012) 17

  18. Articles in MARPOL 73/78 Article 2: Definitions Ship = Vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the marine environment and includes Hydrofoil boats, air-cushions vehicles, submersibles, floating craft and fixed or floating platforms Article 3: Application (1) The present Convention shall apply to: ships entitled to fly the flag of a Party to the Convention… (3) The present Convention shall not apply to any warship, naval auxiliary or other ship owned or operated by a State and used, for the time being, only on government non-commercial service. • However, each Party shall ensure by the adoption of appropriate measures ---, that such ships act in a mannerconsistent with the present Convention!

  19. Articles in MARPOL 73/78 Article 4: Violation (1) Any violation of the requirements of the Convention shall be prohibited and sanctions shall be established therefore under the law of the Administration ----. (4) The penalties specified under the law of a party pursuant to the present article shall be adequate in severity to discourage violations --- and shall be equally severe irrespective of where the violation occurs.

  20. Chapter II-2,Regulation 2: Fire safety objectives and functional requirements 1 Fire safety objectives 1.1 The fire safety objectives are to:.1 prevent the occurrence of fire and explosion .2 reduce the risk to life, caused by fire • .3 reduce the risk of damage, caused by fire to the ship, its cargo and the environment.4 contain, control and suppress, fire and explosion in thecompartment of origin .5 provide adequate and readily accessible means of escape for passengers and crew Not only MARPOL – also SOLAS:

  21. Not only MARPOL – also SOLAS: • Chapter V, Regulation 34: Safe navigation and avoidance of dangerous situations 2 The voyage plan shall identify a route which:.1 takes into account any relevant ship’s routeing systems .2 ensures sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the ship throughout the voyage .3 anticipates all known navigational hazards and adverse weather conditions • .4 takes into account the marine environmental protection measures that apply, and avoids, as far as possible, actions and activities which could cause damage to the environment

  22. Not only MARPOL: Ballast water management Anti-fouling systems Recycling of ships Dumping Conv OPRC / HNS

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