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Part One

Part One. WHAT & WHEN. At the end of the Medieval period art moved from this to this. Giotto’s “Meeting at the Golden Gate”. The Renaissance began in Florence in the early 1400s. VENICE. FLORENCE. ROME. …it soon spread to Venice and Rome.

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Part One

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  1. Part One

  2. WHAT & WHEN

  3. At the end of the Medieval period art moved from this to this Giotto’s “Meeting at the Golden Gate”

  4. The Renaissance began in Florence in the early 1400s VENICE FLORENCE ROME …it soon spread to Venice and Rome

  5. By 1500 it spread to Germany, France, Spain, the Netherlands and England and was called:THE HIGH RENAISSANCE

  6. “Bust of Cicero,” marble, MuseoCapitolino, Rome “Gaul Killing Himself and His Wife” Roman copy of a 3rd century BC statue, Pergamum MuseoNazionale, Rome

  7. Roman Aqueduct The Pantheon, 125 AD, Rome

  8. Comparison of Greek Columns: Doric, Ionic and Corinthian The Parthenon

  9. Roman reproduction of Myron’s “Discobolus,” 2nd Century CE, Glptothek, Munich “Laocoon and his Sons,” 42-20 B.C., white marble, Vatican Museum

  10. Leonardo, “Interior of a Skull,” from his notebooks

  11. More of Leonardo’s anatomical studies from his notebooks

  12. In the non-art world, major changes were underway – new continents had been discovered… Sebastian Munster’s map of the new world, c. 1571

  13. …scientific progress was boosting people’s confidence… More anatomical studies from Leonardo’s notebooks…

  14. Nicholas Copernicus A telescope similar to Galileo’s

  15. Galileo Galilei facing the Roman Inquisition, Cristiano Banti, 1857 In his Dialogue on the Two Chief World Systems, Galileo supports the Copernican theory that the earth is not the center of the universe, but rather one of several planets revolving around the sun

  16. …the Reformation had decreased the Church’s power… Martin Luther nails his 95 Theses to the door of Wittenburg Cathedral protesting corruption in the Catholic Church and sparking the Reformation.

  17. …the study of God had been replaced by the study of HUMANITY. Leonardo’s “Vitruvian Man”

  18. What did this new focus on humanity mean for artists? It meant a new confidence in artists, who emerged from the medieval guilds to become “stars” in their own rights. Durer Giorgione Rembrandt

  19. It meant new subject matter, as the newly emerged merchant classes looked for public displays of their power, Indeed, patrons like the very wealthy Medici family in Florence attracted artists, poets, philosophers, musicians and architects to their court, creating a cultural “perfect storm.” In this climate, an artist could develop new ideas very quickly. Verocchio, Portrait Bust of Lorenzo de Medici, tereacotta Medici Palace, by Bartolomeo

  20. The church’s loss of power

  21. An interest in man and the human form

  22. A surge in scientific knowledge & invention

  23. A rediscovery of classical knowledge In Italy Greek and Roman art, architecture and knowledge were rediscovered after being lost during the Middle Ages. “Augustus of Primaporta,” early 1st century CE, marble

  24. “Bust of Cicero,” marble, MuseoCapitolino, Rome “Gaul Killing Himself and His Wife” Roman copy of a 3rd century BC statue, Pergamum MuseoNazionale, Rome

  25. Roman Aqueduct The Pantheon, 125 AD, Rome

  26. Comparison of Greek Columns: Doric, Ionic and Corinthian The Parthenon

  27. A rediscovery of classical knowledge The church’s loss of power A surge in scientific knowledge & invention An interest in man & the human form mean? So what do…

  28. 1. Increased realism2. Perspective (linear & aeral)3. Geometric composition4. Chiariscuro5. “New” Greek and Roman mythology to serve as subject

  29. Increased realismPerspective (linear & aeral)

  30. Geometric composition

  31. Chiariscuro

  32. “New” Greek and Roman mythology to serve as subject

  33. As well, the newly re-discovered classical mythology gave them new stories to interpret and use symbolically Jupiter (as an Artist), Mercury and Virtue, by DossoDossi, 1524

  34. …and perspective Leonardo, “The Last Supper,” 1452 – 1519, oil/tempera emulsion on plaster, Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan

  35. Pierodella Francesca, “View of an Ideal City", 1470 Masolino, “St. Peter Healing a Cripple and the Raising of Tabitha” ,1425.

  36. As well as new art techniques like oil painting, chiaroscuro … CHIAROSCURO: (“key-arrow-SKEWR-o”) is a technique for modeling forms in painting using light and dark and having lighter parts seem to emerge from lighter areas – it gives the illusion of rounded, sculptural relief on a flat surface. Caravaggio, “Supper at Emmaus,” 1681, oil on canvas, National Gallery, London

  37. As well, there was an expansion of scientific knowledge, like anatomy… Rembrandt van Rjin, “The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. NicholaesTulp,” 1632, oil on canvas, Mauritshuis, the Hague

  38. Caravaggio. St. Jerome. c.1605. Oil on canvas. Galleria Borghese, Rome, Italy

  39. Caravaggio, “Judith Beheading Holofernes” oil on canvas (145 × 195 cm) ca. 1599, Galleria Nazionaled'ArteAntica, Rome

  40. …and using geometry to improve composition.

  41. Raphael’s use of geometric composition is clearly evident in his “Shool of Athens,” 1509-1510, Vatican City

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