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Scientific Objectives and Required Facilities

This scientific study aims to investigate the vertical structure of precipitation over Taiwan's terrain and the structure of terrain-modified airflow. The required facilities include S-Pol and upper-air soundings, with a highly desired vertically-pointing precipitation radar.

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Scientific Objectives and Required Facilities

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  1. Scientific Objectives • Investigate the vertical structure of precipitation over Taiwan’s terrain • Investigate the structure of the terrain-modified airflow • Required Facilities: S-Pol and upper-air soundings • Highly desired: Vertically-pointing precipitation radar Scientific Objectives and Required Facilities Socorro Medina, Robert Houze, and Stacy Brodzik TIMREX Planning Meeting, Tainan, Taiwan, 9 November 2007

  2. Results from previous field experiments (MAP and IMPROVE-2) to illustrate how S-Pol sectors of RHI scans were used to accomplish similar objectives

  3. Oregon Cascades Distance from the radar (km) Pacific Coastal R. Valley Cascades Cross-barrier distribution of time-averaged reflectivity as a function of height 3-hour mean S-Pol reflectivity (1400-1700 UTC 28 Nov 2001 ) Medina et al. (2007)

  4. Cross-barrier distribution of S-Pol reflectivity aloft as a function of time - Maximum reflectivity (between 3-10 km) dBZ 09 30 06 20 03 10 00 0 21 -10 18 28 Nov 29 Nov Time (UTC)  -20 15 12 -30 09 06 03 00 1.8 1.4 1.0 Terrain elevation (km) 0.6 Oregon Cascades 0.2 Western Oregon terrain -150 -100 50 0 50 100 150 Distance from radar (km) Pacific Coastal R. Valley Cascades Medina et al. (2007)

  5. Alps Graupel Dry snow Wet snow S-Pol NNW Distance from the radar (km) PBL flow adjacent to the terrain and embedded convection (S-Pol data) Radial velocity (m/s) Low-level flow rising over terrain Reflectivity (dBZ) Maximum echo on top 1st peak of terrain Particle Type (frequency of occurrence) Stratiform background punctuated by graupel 07-10 UTC 20 Sep 1999 mean Rotunno and Houze (2007)

  6. Alps S-Pol NW Distance from radar (km) Evaluation of terrain-modified PBL flows simulated by numerical mesoscale models Time-averaged observed radial velocity (m/s) (S-Pol) Time-averaged simulated radial velocity (m/s) (MESO-NH) Alps Alps Alps S-Pol NW Distance from radar (km) 08-11 UTC 21 Oct 1999 mean

  7. Vertically pointing radar data Reflectivity (dBZ) Radial velocity (m/s) Time Houze and Medina (2005)

  8. Other requirements • Desk space for two people in the Operation Center (OPS) or for one person at the OPS and one person at the S-Pol site (depending on how much data can be transmitted from S-Pol to OPS) • Internet access

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