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11-6 Appendicular Musculature

11-6 Appendicular Musculature. Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand Originate on humerus and insert on forearm Exceptions: The major flexor ( biceps brachii ) The major extensor ( triceps brachii ). 11-6 Appendicular Musculature. Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand Extensors

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11-6 Appendicular Musculature

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  1. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand • Originate on humerus and insert on forearm • Exceptions: • The major flexor (biceps brachii) • The major extensor (triceps brachii)

  2. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand • Extensors • Mainly on posterior and lateral surfaces of arm • Flexors • Mainly on anterior and medial surfaces

  3. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Flexors of the Elbow • Biceps brachii • Flexes elbow • Stabilizes shoulder joint • Originates on scapula • Inserts on radial tuberosity • Brachialis and brachioradialis

  4. Figure 11-16b Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand Coracoid process of scapula Humerus Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii, short head Biceps brachii, long head Triceps brachii, long head Triceps brachii, medial head Brachialis Medial epicondyle of humerus Pronator teres Brachioradialis Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Pronator quadratus Flexor retinaculum Anterior view, superficial layer

  5. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Extensors of the Elbow • Triceps brachii • Extends elbow • Originates on scapula • Inserts on olecranon • Anconeus • Opposes brachialis

  6. Figure 11-16a Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand Triceps brachii, long head Triceps brachii, lateral head Brachioradialis Olecranon of ulna Anconeus Extensor carpi radialis longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris Abductor pollicis longus Extensor digitorum Extensor pollicis brevis Ulna Extensor retinaculum Posterior view, superficial layer

  7. Table 11-13 Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand (Figure 11–16)

  8. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature A&P FLIX Muscles of the Elbow Joint (a) A&P FLIX Muscles of the Elbow Joint (b) A&P FLIX Muscles of the Elbow Joint (c)

  9. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Flexors of the Wrist • Palmaris longus • Superficial, flexes wrist • Flexor carpi ulnaris • Superficial, flexes wrist, adducts wrist • Flexor carpi radialis • Superficial, flexes wrist, abducts wrist

  10. Figure 11-16b Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand Coracoid process of scapula Humerus Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii, short head Biceps brachii, long head Triceps brachii, long head Triceps brachii, medial head Brachialis Medial epicondyle of humerus Pronator teres Brachioradialis Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Pronator quadratus Flexor retinaculum Anterior view, superficial layer

  11. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Extensors of the Wrist • Extensor carpi radialis • Superficial, extends wrist, abducts wrist • Extensor carpi ulnaris • Superficial, extends wrist, adducts wrist

  12. Figure 11-16a Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand Triceps brachii, long head Triceps brachii, lateral head Brachioradialis Olecranon of ulna Anconeus Extensor carpi radialis longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor carpi ulnaris Abductor pollicis longus Extensor digitorum Extensor pollicis brevis Ulna Extensor retinaculum Posterior view, superficial layer

  13. Table 11-13 Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand (Figure 11–16)

  14. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand • Pronation and supination • Pronator teres and supinator • Originate on humerus and ulna • Rotate radius • Pronator quadratus • Originates on ulna • Assists pronator teres

  15. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature A&P FLIX Muscles of the Forearm (a) A&P FLIX Muscles of the Forearm (b) A&P FLIX Muscles of the Forearm (c)

  16. Figure 11-16b Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand Coracoid process of scapula Humerus Coracobrachialis Biceps brachii, short head Biceps brachii, long head Triceps brachii, long head Triceps brachii, medial head Brachialis Medial epicondyle of humerus Pronator teres Brachioradialis Flexor carpi radialis Palmaris longus Flexor carpi ulnaris Flexor digitorum superficialis Pronator quadratus Flexor retinaculum Anterior view, superficial layer

  17. Figure 11-17b Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers Brachialis Cut tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis Supinator Muscles That Flex the Fingers and Thumb Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus Pronator quadratus Anterior view, deepest layer

  18. Figure 11-17d Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers Anconeus Supinator Muscles That Move the Thumb Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis brevis Radius Ulna Tendon of extensor digiti minimi (cut) Tendon of extensor digitorum (cut) Posterior view, deepest layer

  19. Table 11-13 Muscles That Move the Forearm and Hand (Figure 11–16)

  20. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers • Also called extrinsic muscles of the hand • Lie entirely within forearm • Only tendons cross wrist (in synovial tendon sheaths)

  21. Figure 11-17a Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers Median nerve Tendon of biceps brachii Pronator teres (cut) Brachial artery Radius Flexor carpi ulnaris (retracted) Muscles That Flex the Fingers and Thumb Brachioradialis (retracted) Flexor digitorum superficialis Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus MEDIAL LATERAL Anterior view, middle layer

  22. Figure 11-17b Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers Brachialis Cut tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis Supinator Muscles That Flex the Fingers and Thumb Flexor pollicis longus Flexor digitorum profundus Pronator quadratus Anterior view, deepest layer

  23. Figure 11-17c Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers Anconeus Muscles That Extend the Fingers Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis Tendon of extensor pollicis longus LATERAL MEDIAL Posterior view, middle layer

  24. Figure 11-17d Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers Anconeus Supinator Muscles That Move the Thumb Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor indicis Extensor pollicis brevis Radius Ulna Tendon of extensor digiti minimi (cut) Tendon of extensor digitorum (cut) Posterior view, deepest layer

  25. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Tendon Sheaths • Extensor retinaculum • Wide band of connective tissue • Posterior surface of wrist • Stabilizes tendons of extensor muscles

  26. Figure 11-18b Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Tendon of extensor indicis Tendons of extensor digitorum Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand First dorsal interosseus muscle Tendon of extensor digiti minimi Abductor digiti minimi Tendon of extensor pollicis longus Tendon of extensor pollicis brevis Tendon of extensor carpi ulnaris Tendon of extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor retinaculum Tendon of extensor carpi radialis brevis Right hand, posterior view

  27. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Tendon Sheaths • Flexor retinaculum • Anterior surface of wrist • Stabilizes tendons of flexor muscles

  28. Figure 11-18a Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis Synovial sheaths Tendons of flexor digitorum Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Tendon of flexor pollicis longus Lumbricals Palmar interosseus Intrinsic Muscles of the Thumb First dorsal interosseus Adductor pollicis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor pollicis brevis Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi Opponens pollicis Palmaris brevis (cut) Abductor pollicis brevis Tendon of palmaris longus Flexor retinaculum Tendon of flexor carpi radialis Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris Right hand, anterior (palmar) view

  29. Table 11-14 Muscles That Move the Hand and Fingers (Figure 11–17)

  30. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • The Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand • Muscles that move the metacarpals and phalanges • And originate and insert only on those bones

  31. Figure 11-18a Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus Tendon of flexor digitorum superficialis Synovial sheaths Tendons of flexor digitorum Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Tendon of flexor pollicis longus Lumbricals Palmar interosseus Intrinsic Muscles of the Thumb First dorsal interosseus Adductor pollicis Abductor digiti minimi Flexor pollicis brevis Flexor digiti minimi brevis Opponens digiti minimi Opponens pollicis Palmaris brevis (cut) Abductor pollicis brevis Tendon of palmaris longus Flexor retinaculum Tendon of flexor carpi radialis Tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris Right hand, anterior (palmar) view

  32. Figure 11-18b Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Tendon of extensor indicis Tendons of extensor digitorum Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand First dorsal interosseus muscle Tendon of extensor digiti minimi Abductor digiti minimi Tendon of extensor pollicis longus Tendon of extensor pollicis brevis Tendon of extensor carpi ulnaris Tendon of extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor retinaculum Tendon of extensor carpi radialis brevis Right hand, posterior view

  33. Table 11-15 Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand (Figure 11–18)

  34. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Muscles of the Pelvis and Lower Limbs • Pelvic girdle is tightly bound to axial skeleton • Permits little movement • Has few muscles

  35. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Muscles That Position the Lower Limbs • Three Groups • Muscles that move the thigh • Muscles that move the leg • Muscles that move the foot and toes

  36. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Muscles That Move the Thigh • Gluteal muscles • Lateral rotators • Adductors • Iliopsoas

  37. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Gluteal Muscles • Gluteus maximus • Largest, most posterior gluteal muscle • Produces extension and lateral rotation at hip • Tensor fasciae latae • Works with gluteus maximus • Stabilizes iliotibial tract • Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus • Originate anterior to gluteus maximus • Insert on trochanter

  38. Figure 11-19a Muscles That Move the Thigh Iliac crest Sacrum Gluteal Group Gluteus medius (cut) Gluteus medius Gluteus maximus (cut) Gluteus maximus Gluteus minimus Gluteal region, posterior view

  39. Figure 11-19b Muscles That Move the Thigh Gluteal Group Gluteus medius Sartorius Gluteus maximus Tensor fasciae latae Rectus femoris Iliotibial tract Vastus lateralis Biceps femoris, long head Biceps femoris, short head Semimembranosus Patella Plantaris Head of fibula Patellar ligament Lateral view

  40. Table 11-16 Muscles That Move the Thigh (Figure 11–19)

  41. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Lateral Rotators • Group of six muscles, including the dominant: • Piriformis • Obturator

  42. Figure 11-19c Muscles That Move the Thigh Gluteal Group Gluteus medius (cut) Gluteus maximus (cut) Gluteus minimus Tensor fasciae latae Lateral Rotator Group Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellus Quadratus femoris Ischial tuberosity Iliotibial tract Posterior view, deep muscles

  43. Table 11-16 Muscles That Move the Thigh (Figure 11–19)

  44. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Adductors • Adductor magnus • Produces adduction, extension, and flexion • Adductor brevis • Hip flexion and adduction • Adductor longus • Hip flexion and adduction

  45. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Adductors • Pectineus • Hip flexion and adduction • Gracilis • Hip flexion and adduction

  46. Figure 11-19d Muscles That Move the Thigh Iliopsoas Group Psoas major Iliacus L5 Lateral Rotator Group Inguinal ligament Piriformis Adductor Group Obturator internus Pectineus Obturator externus Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Anterior view of the iliopsoas muscle and the adductor group

  47. Table 11-16 Muscles That Move the Thigh (Figure 11–19)

  48. 11-6 Appendicular Musculature • Iliopsoas • Two hip flexors insert on the same tendon • Psoas major • Iliacus

  49. Figure 11-19d Muscles That Move the Thigh Iliopsoas Group Psoas major Iliacus L5 Lateral Rotator Group Inguinal ligament Piriformis Adductor Group Obturator internus Pectineus Obturator externus Adductor brevis Adductor longus Adductor magnus Gracilis Anterior view of the iliopsoas muscle and the adductor group

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