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BASIC ELECTRICS CLASS

BASIC ELECTRICS CLASS. CLASS WILL TEACH HOW TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENT LIGHTS AND ACCESSORIES HOW TO SAFELY HANG, FOCUS, AND DRESS A PIPE HOW TO READ PLANS AND PAPERWORK BASIC ELECTRICITY. PARTS OF A FIXTURE. Ellipsoidal Reflector Spotlight. Produces hard-edge, focusable beam

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BASIC ELECTRICS CLASS

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  1. BASIC ELECTRICS CLASS • CLASS WILL TEACH • HOW TO IDENTIFY DIFFERENT LIGHTS AND ACCESSORIES • HOW TO SAFELY HANG, FOCUS, AND DRESS A PIPE • HOW TO READ PLANS AND PAPERWORK • BASIC ELECTRICITY

  2. PARTS OF A FIXTURE

  3. Ellipsoidal Reflector Spotlight • Produces hard-edge, focusable beam • Shutters allow for framing of beam • May be used to project steel patterns (gobo), color patterns on glass (glass gobos) or color images on dichroic glass • Evenness of field depends on lamp position within reflector (bench focus) • Long through makes them suitable for FOH applications. • Labeled by either beam spread (26 deg) or lens width by focal length (6x12)

  4. DIFFERENT TYPES OF ERS OR “LEKO” ALTMAN 360 Q SOURCE 4 ALTMAN SHAKESPEARE ALTMAN 1KL

  5. Parabolic Aluminized Reflector • Sealed beam lamp contains filament, envelope, reflector, and lens all in one package • Wattage dependent on size (max PAR64 1000w) • Beam dependent on lens • Durable, weather resistant • Elliptical beam.

  6. PARCANS ETC PAR PAR 64 PAR 56 PAR 46

  7. TYPES OF PAR LAMPS MFL (Medium Flood) ACL (Aircraft Landing Light) NSP (Narrow Spot) WFL (Wide Flood)

  8. ETC PAR LENSES

  9. Fresnel Spotlight • Uses Fresnel lens to focus light • Uses a spherical reflector • Distance between lamp / reflector and lens determines beam width (adjustable spot/flood) • Produces soft light • Very common on movie and TV sets

  10. FRESNELS ALTMAN 6” FRESNEL ALTMAN 8” FRESNEL ARRI 1000 ALTMAN AF FESNEL

  11. PARNel • CROSS BETWEEN PAR AND FRESNEL • TWO LENS THAT TWIST TO CHANGE BEAM SIZE • KNOB ON BOTTOM TO SPOT/FLOOD LIKE FRESNEL • SAME BODY AS ETC PAR

  12. STRIP LIGHTS AND CYC LIGHTS • USED TO LIGHT DROPS AND CYCLORAMAS • PROVIDE EVEN WASH LIGHT FOR CYCS AND DROPS • USUALLY HUNG FROM BATTENS OR PLACED ON FLOOR (ground row) • COME IN MULTIPLY “CELLS” AND CONFIGUATIONS • USUALLY HEAVY AND LONG (2 man lift) • REFLECTOR SHAPE AND POSITION MATTER TO BEAM SPREAD

  13. CYC LIGHTS BROAD CYC T-3 STRIP LIGHT SKY CYC

  14. MOVING LIGHTS • ALSO CALLED INTELLIGENT LIGHTS, AUTOMATED, OR MOVERS • 2 TYPES - MOVING MIRROR AND MOVING YOKE • FIRST APPEARED IN 1979 ON GENESIS TOUR • USE ELECTRIC MOTORS TO FOCUS/POINT, CHANGE COLOR AND CHANGE TEMPLATES, ZOOM, AND EDGE/FOCUS • MOST USE DISCHARGE LAMPS, NO DIMMERS NEEDED

  15. MOVING LIGHTS MOVING MIRROR MOVING HEAD

  16. MOVING HEADS WASH UNIT SPOT UNIT

  17. SPOT FIXTURES MAC 2000 PROFILE VL 3000 SPOT STUDIO SPOT 575 VL 6

  18. WASH FIXTURES MAC 2000 WASH VL 3500 WASH STUDIO COLOR 575 VL 5

  19. LED’s • L.E.D.- LIGHT EMITTING DIODE • ELECTRONIC PART THAT EMITS A CERTAIN WAVE LENGTH OF LIGHT(COLOR) WHEN ELECTRICITY FLOWS THROUGH IT • USUALLY USED AS AN UPLIGHT,CYC, AND A WASH LIGHT • GETTING BRIGHTER AND DOING MORE EVERY DAY • USES LESS POWER • GENERATES LESS HEAT

  20. LED FIXTURE COLOR BLAZE 72 COLOR BLAST TRX IMPRESSION 90 OPTI PAR

  21. LIGHTING ACCESSORIES • HARDWARE USED TO HANG OR ALTER HOW LIGHT COMES OUT OF UNIT • USUALLY PLACED IN OR INFRONT OF FIXTURE • GEL- DEEP DYED POLYESTER THAT IS COLORED PUT IN FRONT OF FIXTURE TO CHANGE COLOR OF LIGHT

  22. LIGHTING HARDWARE 1 TOP HAT SIDE ARM HANGING IRON CLAMP TO CLAMP

  23. LIGHTING HARDWARE 2 SWIVEL CHESEBORO RIGID CHESEBORO BOOM BASE RING TOP

  24. LIGHTING HARDWARE 3 FULL SCENERY BUMPER DROP IN IRIS TEE BARN DOOR

  25. HARDWARE 4 GEL SWATCH BOOK TEMPLATE HOLDERS COLOR FRAMES STEEL TEMPLATE

  26. PHOTOMETRICS • DATA USED TO DESCRIBE THE PERFORMANCE OF LIGHTING INSTRUMENTS, SPECIFICALLY THEIR INTENSITY AND BEAM SPREAD

  27. COLOR TEMPERATURE • Color temperature is a characteristic of visible light, that has important applications in lighting. Color temperature is conventionally stated in the unit of absolute temperature, the kelvin, having the unit symbol K. • Color temperatures over 5,000K are called cool colors (blueish white), while lower color temperatures (2,700–3,000 K) are called warm colors (yellowish white through red).[1]

  28. COLOR TEMPERATURE • COLOR TEMP IS RELAVENT TO HOW COLORS AND PEOPLE LOOK • THE SUN IS ROUGHLY 5600k (COOL BLUE WHITE) • INDOOR LIGHT BULBS ARE APPROXIMATELY 3050k (WARM REDDISH WHITE) • FLOURESCENT BULBS ARE ROUGHLY 4400k (GREENISH WHITE) • MOVING LIGHT LAMPS ARE 5600k (COOL BLUE WHITE LIGHT) • STAGE LIGHTS ARE 3200k (WARM ORANGE WHITELIGHT) • COLOR TEMPERATURE HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH HOW HOT THE FIXTURE GETS • THE WAY WHITE LIGHT LOOKS IS RELATIVE TO ITS COLOR TEMPERATURE AND CAN BE COMPARED TO A RAINBOW, IT FOLLOWS TO SAME COLOR ORDER AS FAR AS THE QUALITY OF WHITE LIGHT

  29. BASIC ELECTRICITY • ELECTRICITY IS THE FLOW OF AN ELECTRIC CHARGE/CURRENT • ELECTRICTY IS MEASEURED IN 4 CRITERIA: • VOLTAGE- PRESSURE OF ELECTRICTY IN A CIRCUIT - MEASURE OF ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL • AMPERAGE- AMOUNT OF ELECTRICY IN CIRCUIT - MEASURE OF ELECTRICAL CURRENT • RESISTANCE- THE RESISTANCE TO ELECTRIC FLOW IN A CURCUIT, MEASURED IN OHMS • WATT- HOW MUCH POWER IS USED • THE COMMON FORMULA FOR THIS IS: • WATTS=VOLTAGE x AMPERAGE

  30. BASIC ELECTRICITY • ELECTRICITY IS TRANSMITTED IN 2 WAYS AC OR DC • DC- DIRECT CURRENT • AC- ALTERNATING CURRENT • DC- IS BEST DESCRIBED AS BATTERY POWER • AC- IS THE ELECTRICITY IN YOUR HOME OR OFFICE • IN THE UNITED STATES WE USE 120/208V OR 277/480V POWER AT 60 HERTZ • MOST LIGHTING FIXTURES ARE EITHER 120V OR 208V • DO NOT TOUCH ANYTHING RATED 277V OR 480V

  31. BASIC ELECTRICITY • OHM’S LAW E=IR • “E” IS VOLTAGE • “I” IS AMPERAGE • “R” IS RESISTANCE • “W” OR “P” IS POWER(WATTS) • WHEN YOU KNOW 2 OF THESE VARIABLES YOU CAN FIGURE OUT WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

  32. 120 VOLT CONNECTORS STRAIGHT BLADE OR EDISON STAGE PIN TWIST OR LOCKING CONNECTOR

  33. 208 VOLT CONNECTORS STRAIGHT BLADE 208V CONNECTOR L6-20 208V TWIST LOCK CONNECTOR

  34. SINGLE POLE LOCKING CONNECTOR • COMMOMLY CALLED CAM-LOC’S • MUST LOCK BY MATING AND TURN A QUARTER TURN • USED FOR FEEDER CABLE

  35. MULTI CABLE • CARRYS 6 CIRCUITS OF POWER • ALSO CALLED SOCAPEX OR VEAM CABLE • NEEDS BREAK OUTS AND INS TO SPLIT INTO INDIVIDUAL CIRCUITS

  36. DATA CONNECTORS ETHERCON 3-PIN XLR 5-PIN XLR DMX

  37. DIMMERS • CONTROLS HOW BRIGHT(INTENSITY) A CONVENTIONAL LIGHTING FIXTURE IS ON A SCALE OF 1% TO 100%

  38. POWER AND DATA FLOW

  39. LIGHT PLOT

  40. PAPERWORK

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