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Taxonomy

Taxonomy. Clades and Keys. Phylogeny = the study of evolutionary relationships Biologists now group organisms into categories that represent evolutionary descent (and not just physical similarities). Evolutionary Classification.

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Taxonomy

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  1. Taxonomy Clades and Keys

  2. Phylogeny = the study of evolutionary relationships • Biologists now group organisms into categories that represent evolutionary descent (and not just physical similarities) Evolutionary Classification How would you classify a hyena? Would you group it with cats or dogs? Photo credit flickr: ibeatty

  3. Characteristics that appear more recently in a group but are not seen in older organisms Derived characters are used to construct a CLADOGRAM • a diagram that shows evolutionary relationships Derived Characters

  4. Cladograms A diagram that shows evolutionary relationships

  5. HOW TO BUILD A CLADOGRAM Watch this animation on how to build a cladogram http://ccl.northwestern.edu/simevolution/obonu/cladograms/Open-This-File.swf

  6. When biologists do field studies, they often encounter new specimens that they would need to identify • FIELD GUIDES often contain pictures for referencing organisms Identifying Unknown Organisms

  7. What am I?? • A step-by-step guide to help identify an organism • Follows a series of choices that lead you to the organism’s name Dichotomous Keys Photo Credit: Sam? (Flickr)

  8. 1. Has green colored body ......go to 2 Has purple colored body ..... go to 4 2. Has 4 legs .....go to 3 Has 8 legs .......... Deerus octagis 3. Has a tail ........ Deerus pestisDoes not have a tail ..... Deerus magnus4. Has a pointy hump ...... Deerus humpisDoes not have a pointy hump.....go to 5 5. Has ears .........Deerus purplinisDoes not have ears ......Deerus deafus

  9. A diagram that shows an evolutionary relationship is a ________________________ • A characteristic that appears only in recent members is called a ________________ character • The study of evolutionary relationships is called __________________________ • A system to find the name of an unknown organism is a _______________________ key Check for Understanding

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