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Understanding Types of Mixtures: Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions

Learn about homogeneous solutions, cloudy colloids, and settling suspensions. Identify solutes, solvents, and particle sizes in different mixtures. Explore examples like milk, kool-aid, and muddy water.

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Understanding Types of Mixtures: Solutions, Colloids, and Suspensions

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  1. Types of Mixtures

  2. Solutions • Solutions are homogeneous mixtures made up of two components. • The part of the solution that does the dissolving is called the solvent. • The part of the solution that gets dissolved is called the solute. • In a sugar water solution, what is the solute? • Sugar • In a sugar water solution, what is the solvent? • Water

  3. Solutions (continued) • The solute particles are < 1 nm in diameter. • How large are these particles in cm? • 0.0000001 cm • As a result, solutions often appear clear. • Due to the extremely small particle size solutions remain mixed and do not separate (settle out) upon standing. • Solutions cannot be separated by filtration (particles are so small they pass through the paper with the solvent. • Examples include: kool-aid, flat soft drink

  4. Solutions

  5. Colloids • Colloids are heterogeneous mixtures. • The particles mixed into the main component are between 1 and 100 nm in diameter. • Due to the slightly larger particle size, colloids appear cloudy. • Although the particles are larger than in a solution, they are still small enough that they stay mixed and do not separate upon standing and cannot be separated by filtration. • Examples: milk, whipped cream

  6. Colloids

  7. Tyndall Effect • Particles in a colloid are large enough that they will reflect (scatter) light. • This phenomenon is referred to as the Tyndall Effect.

  8. Tyndall Effect

  9. Suspensions • Suspensions are also heterogeneous mixtures. • The particles in a suspension are the largest and have a diameter > 100 nm. • Due to the larger size these particles will separate (settle out) upon standing. • If all of the particles have separated, the liquid may appear clear. If not, the liquid may appear cloudy.

  10. Suspensions • The larger particle size allows for suspensions to be separated by filtration. • The Tyndall effect may be observed if the particles have not settled out. • Examples: muddy water, Italian salad dressing.

  11. Suspension

  12. Solution, Colloid, or Suspension Recently opened soft drink Fog Food coloring in water Blood Milk Pure air Sugar water Paint

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