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Mixtures of Matter

Mixtures of Matter. Most stuff is a mixture!. Mixtures. Combo of 2 or more pure substances. Physically combined but chemically combined. Each substance retains its own identity and properties. not. Mixtures. Variable composition

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Mixtures of Matter

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  1. Mixtures of Matter Most stuff is a mixture!

  2. Mixtures • Combo of 2 or more pure substances. • Physically combined but chemically combined. • Each substance retains its own identity and properties. not

  3. Mixtures • Variable composition • No unique properties. (Think of sugar and salt mixed together.) • Separated by physical methods. • May be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

  4. Types of Mixtures • Heterogeneous: See a boundary or regions that look different. • ice water, granite, pepper

  5. Types of Mixtures • Homogeneous: Constant composition throughout, single phase. • Solutions (all 3 phases), air, windex, kool-aid, sterling silver

  6. Homogeneous Mixtures Gas / Gas Gas / Liquid Gas / Solid Liquid / Gas Liquid / Liquid Liquid / Solid Solid / Gas Solid / Liquid Solid / Solid Air Soda Water H2 in Pt Water in Air Alcohol in Water Mercury in Silver Mothballs in Air Salt in Water Silver in Gold SOLUTIONS

  7. Hints for Mixtures • Solutions in the gas & liquid phases transmit light. (No particles big enough to scatter light.) They look translucent. Homogeneous

  8. Hints for Mixtures • Suspensions look cloudy – the particles are big enough to scatter light. They settle on standing. If it has to be shaken or stirred, it’s a heterogeneous mixture! Heterogeneous

  9. CuSO4(aq) source source

  10. Hints for Mixtures • Any formula with (aq) is a solution or a homogeneous mixture. • If 1 substance is dissolved in another, it’s a solution or a homogeneous mixture.

  11. Hints for Mixtures Which of the following is a mixture? • NaCl(s) • CH3OH(l) • HF(g) • KCl(aq) Means KCl + H2O

  12. Hints for Mixtures • Potassium iodide dissolved in water is an example of: A) element B) compound C) homogeneous mixture D) heterogeneous mixture

  13. Separating Mixtures • Physically combined. • Separation based on physical properties. • Sorting: Appearance • Filtration: Size • Distillation: Boiling Point • Crystallization: Solubility • Magnet: Magnetization • Chromatography: “Travel” ability

  14. Use differences in appearance to sort the coins.

  15. Filtration based on differences in particle size. Larger particles are trapped by filter. source

  16. Distillation Based on differences in boiling point. source

  17. source Paper Chromatograhy source Based on differences in intermolecular forces.

  18. Crystallization Source

  19. Crystallization source

  20. Magnetic Properties • Magnetic properties can be used to separate mixtures. • Sand & iron filings can be separated with a magnet.

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