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Integumentary System

Integumentary System. Integumentary System. Made up of skin, hair, and nails Acts as primary defense of immune system Helps body maintain healthy internal environment. Integumentary System. Skin Largest organ in the human body!

matthewfreeman
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Integumentary System

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  1. Integumentary System

  2. Integumentary System • Made up of skin, hair, and nails • Acts as primary defense of immune system • Helps body maintain healthy internal environment

  3. Integumentary System • Skin • Largest organ in the human body! • Protects by keeping moisture in and foreign particles out of body • Nerve endings throughout your skin allow you to feel what’s around you and react • Helps regulate body temperature (homeostasis) • Helps rid waste – • 2 major layers thick • Epidermis and Dermis

  4. Integumentary SystemEpidermis • Composed of Epithelial tissue • Most epidermal cells are dead and filled with proteins called Keratin • Keratin is a protein that allows cells to be durable and tough

  5. Skin LayersEpidermis • Stratum Corneum (horny) • Stratum Lucidum (clear) • Stratum Granulosum (granular) • Stratum Spinosum (spiny) • Stratum Basale (basal)

  6. Integumentary SystemDermis • Lies underneath epidermis • Mostly connective tissue • Contains fibers made of collagen • These fibers provide strength to the tissue and allow skin to bend and twist without tearing

  7. Integumentary SystemDermis • Layers of the Dermis • Papillary layer – Fingerlike projections – loose connective tissue • Reticular layer – irregular connective tissue – dense connective tissue

  8. Integumentary SystemSkin Color • Determined by darkening chemical in skin called melanin • Increase in melanin = darker skin color • Decrease in melanin = lighter skin color

  9. Integumentary SystemSkin Color • Melanin is found in upper layer of epidermis of skin • Absorbs much of harmful radiation from sun to decrease DNA damage that can lead to cancers.

  10. Integumentary SystemHair • Formed at bottom of tiny sac called hair follicle • Hair grows as new cells are created in hair follicle • Old cells get pushed upward

  11. Integumentary SystemHair • The only living cells in a hair are in the hair folicle • Hair protects skin from UV Radiation and helps keep particles out of body • Eyelashes, nose/ear hair, pubic hair, armpit hair etc… • Color comes from melanin – like skin color

  12. Integumentary SystemHair • Hair regulates body temperature by contraction of tiny muscles attached to the hair follicle. • When these muscles contract they cause the follicle to push upward toward the epidermis and create “goose bumps” • If the follicle contains a hair the hair will stand up • This will cause the warm air to be trapped between the hair and the body and thus keeping the body warmer – Acts like a sweater

  13. Integumentary SystemNail • Protect tips of fingers and toes so as to remain soft and sensitive yet tough • Form from nail roots under skin at base and sides of nails • As new cells form, nail grows outward

  14. Integumentary SystemNail Parts • Free edge • Body • Root • Lunula • Nail folds • Eponychium • Cuticle • Nail bed • Nail matrix

  15. Integumentary SystemSweat glands • Sudoriferous – Dermis layer • Small organs in the skin that produce sweat • Salty liquid that flows to surface of skin • As sweat evaoorates, skin is cooled • Aid in removing several types of waste chemicals from bloodstream

  16. Integumentary Systemoil glands • Sebaceous glands – Dermis layer • Release oil that keeps hair flexible and helps keep epidermis waterproof/water resistant

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