ABC’s ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF RENOVATION/DEMOLITION/REDELOPMENT A sbestos B eneficial Reuse of Demolition Materials

1. ABC’s ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS OF RENOVATION/DEMOLITION/REDELOPMENT Asbestos Beneficial Reuse of Demolition Materials and Industrial Byproducts Brownfields Redevelopment Concrete Recycling

2. Introduction • A focus exists • Don’t fail to plan • Manage Risk • Approach same as conventional construction

3. RiskManagement: Project Phases Maximum Ability to Control Risk $$ to Make Changes Minimum Design Planning Construction Procurement Programming Commissioning Time

4. Understanding the Project Goals & Objectives • Improve operations and /or the value of the property • What will be disturbed? • Control Costs • Meet Schedule • Regulatory Compliance • Minimize Disruption

5. Managing Environmental Conditions • Minimize release to environment • Maintain safe work place and surroundings • Ensure proper handling and disposal • Avoid contamination through spreading • Focus on what will be disturbed

6. During Renovation/Demolition you may deal with: • Asbestos • Lead Based Paint • Building Systems • Facility Processes • Soil and Groundwater Impacts • Releases to the Environment

7. A is for ASBESTOS • Naturally occurring mined mineral • Common building material and product ingredient for heat resistance, binding, acoustical insulation properties • Airborne hazard – asbestosis, mesothelioma, lung cancer • Regulatory issue – early 1970’s • Clean Air Act (CAA) – most friable types banned • Toxic Substance Control Act (TSCA) – 1989 • TSCA ban vacated 1991 – Still in use today

8. Asbestos Contaminated Materials (ACM) • Commonly known • Thermal system insulation, transite, floor tile and mastic, roofing • Melting equipment, heating systems, sound proofing • Did you know… • paints – plaster/drywall – glazing • wire insulation – electrical box- • lab counter tops – vermiculite – debris • ACBM >1% asbestos (USEPA, WDNR) • Asbestos Contaminated Waste • Friable, Category I Nonfriable, Category II Nonfriable

9. Asbestos – Why? • Regulatory Requirements - Federal • Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA) • National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) • OSHA • TSCA • Regulatory Requirements - State • WDNR NR447 “Control of Asbestos Emissions” • Department of Health and Family Services (DHFS) • Regulatory Requirements - Local • Milwaukee Department of Neighborhood Services • Other: Transportation, Disposal

10. Asbestos – Why? (cont.) • Control Costs • handling/abatement • disposal • fines-WDNR citation NR 447.19 * Failure to notify * Failure to inspect * Improper landfill disposal • Control Risk • owner’s liability • occupant’s liability

11. Asbestos – Gathering Information • NESHAP & NR447 Require “Thorough Inspection” • Industry standards based on AHERA • By certified inspector • Sampling of homogeneous materials • Can assume • Pre-Renovation/Demolition Inspection Report • Homogeneous material types • Sampling location/ floor plans • Classification • Conditions • Quantification • Analytical testing results

12. Asbestos – Applying the Information • Project Planning • when and what to abate • material handling • budget costing • Project Design/Contracting • type, quantity, location • schedule/sequence • by quantity/ type • unit costs to control discovery • contractor qualifications, experience and reputation

13. Asbestos Abatement • Contractor: • Notification • OSHA’s “Competent Person” • Project plan and execution by certified workers • Third Party: • Observe removal/disposal • Qualify discovery • Clearance activities • Indoor/Outdoor air quality monitoring

14. Lead-Based Paint • DHFS 254.11 (8) lead bearing paint • 0.06% Pb by weight (liquid) • 0.7 mg of Pb per sq. cm. (dry) • Lead inspection/sampling • X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) – immediate mg/sq. cm • bulk sample – analytical testing % by wt. • Concentrate by mechanical means – highly regulated • Left in place – worker awareness • Impacts recycling of concrete

15. Building Systems • Refrigerants/ CFC’s • Light bulbs/ ballasts • PCB oils/ impacts • Mercury devices • Halon • Lead shielding • Radioactive equipment/ devices • Plumbing/sewers/sumps/trenches

16. Facility Processes • Oils • Chemicals • Residuals • Spillage • Radioactive • Batteries • Solid Waste • Pollution control systems • Many, many more!

17. Building /Site Features • Structure/ Materials of Construction • Building Systems – HVAC to Elevators • Foundation • Special Areas/ Operations • Occupant Use • Storage • Utilities – disconnect, re-route • Grade • Temporary Service – water, power, sanitary • Easements • Features/ Conditions

18. Soil and Ground Water Impacts • Historical process & material handling releases • Soil and groundwater restrictions • Land-filling • Dewatering, storm water, dust control, water management • Disturbing engineered barriers • UST’s, LUST’s

19. Neighborhood • Disruption • Haul Routes • Conditions/ Protection of • Adjacent Areas • Receptors • Traffic • Safety • Noise • Dust • Special Concerns • Proactive Approach

20. Agencies’ Requirements • Demolition Ordinance/ Permit (Local) • 10-day Notice (WDNR) • Hazardous Waste (EPA ID No.)/Universal waste • Disposal (WDNR – NR 500) Air Emissions (WDNR 400) • Noise, Vibration, Operation (Local) • Storm Water (NR 216) (Local) • Site/ Utilities • Subsurface Issues • New Construction/ Site Improvements

21. Vacating/ Asset Liquidation • Revenue to Project? • Reduce Landfill Costs • Good-Will to Employees/ Public • Auctions • Changed Conditions/ Safety/ Security

22. Renovation/Demolition • Dismantle/Deconstruction • Minimize Contamination/Optimize Recovery • Avoid landfilling • Environmental and Safety Controls/Monitoring • Utilities • On-site Processing

23. COMPETENT PERSON OSHA – 29 CFR 1926.32 “ During demolition, a potential exists for encountering asbestos and other hazardous materials, and for asbestos and other hazardous materials previously hidden to become exposed. Maintain a minimum of one individual on site during demolition to be designated as a “Competent Person”. This individual shall be familiar with applicable asbestos and hazardous materials related regulations, have the experience to recognize potential work crew and environmental exposures, institute proper personal protective equipment and personnel monitoring as necessary, and have the authority to stop work. All discoveries of suspect asbestos or other hazardous materials shall be reported immediately to the Owner so that the appropriate measures can take place.”

24. Demo Material/Waste Management • Reuse • Recycle • Demolition Debris: off-site disposal • Solid Waste • * On-site exemption • * Off-site exemption • * Landfilling • Universal Waste: Lamps, Batteries, Mercury-containing thermostats, Electronics (future) • RCRA Hazardous Waste

25. B is for Beneficial Reuse of Demolition Materials 90% + recovered and recycled Avoid landfill costs NR 500 defines SOLID WASTE- “Clean” Metal and Masonry Existing and expanding markets for demolition and construction waste recycling * Brick * Wood *Drywall * Roofing * Rubble * Carpeting * Architectural Features Support: WasteCap Wisconsin * BMEX

26. Beneficial Reuse of Metals • Structural • Segregate ferrous/non ferrous • WDNR exemption for LBP • OSHA rules for processing • Price of scrap-huge impact

27. Beneficial Use of Industrial Byproducts • NR 538, Wis. Adm. Code • Voluntary self-implementing program • Encourages resource preservation, energy conservation, the need to landfill, and reducing the need for expanding quarries and borrow pits • 5 categories of industrial byproduct including foundry sand and slag • First Step-Characterization • Pre-approved beneficial reuses/review by the WDNR of larger proposed projects • Generator/end-user partnership • Support: FIRST-www.foundryrecycling.org

28. C is for CONCRETE RECYCLING • Economics- hauling and disposal • Excellent engineered fill • “Clean” concrete is exempt from WDNR-includes latex paint • LBP concrete-change is in the wind • * Landfill • * Low hazard waste exemption • * Solid waste/SW processing • Crushing operations air permits • Other contaminants-oils, PCB’s

29. B is for Brownfields • “Properties that are abandoned, blighted, idle or • under-utilized” • Actual or perceived environmental contamination • Expansion or redevelopment is challenged

30. How Do Brownfield Programs Work? • Dovetail cleanup with redevelopment • Restore or increase property value (taxable) • Flexible remediation approaches that control repair costs without jeopardizing public health or environment • Liability protection • Financial incentives

31. Grants • Federal Brownfield • State of WI Brownfield • County Brownfield • Block • Site Assessment • ACCP • PECFA • Many More

32. Loans • Interest Free • Low interest MEDC • Revenue Bonds

33. Tax Incentives • Development Zones • Remediation • Increase section 179 Tax Benefit • Solar Energy Tax Incentive • Many more

34. Traditional TIF Infrastructure Environmental Remediation TIF Investigations Remediation Asbestos abatement Demotion Property Acquisition Tax Incremental Financing (TIF)

35. Process to obtain limits on future liability Requires thorough investigation Receive Certification of Completion (COC) Insurance Premium $$ for obtaining a COC with residual groundwater impacts Voluntary Party Liability Exemption (VPLE)