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PHOTON-TIMING DETECTOR MODULE FOR SINGLE-MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY

POLITECNICO DI MILANO. PHOTON-TIMING DETECTOR MODULE FOR SINGLE-MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY. I.Rech *, M. Ghioni*, S. Cova*, H. Yang°, G. Luo ° , X.S. Xie° * Dip. di Elettronica e Informazione and IFN-CNR, POLITECNICO DI MILANO ° Dep. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, HARVARD UNIVERSITY.

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PHOTON-TIMING DETECTOR MODULE FOR SINGLE-MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY

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  1. POLITECNICO DI MILANO PHOTON-TIMING DETECTOR MODULE FOR SINGLE-MOLECULE SPECTROSCOPY I.Rech*, M. Ghioni*, S. Cova*, H. Yang°, G. Luo°, X.S. Xie° * Dip. di Elettronica e Informazione and IFN-CNR, POLITECNICO DI MILANO ° Dep. of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, HARVARD UNIVERSITY

  2. Sommario : • Introduzione : perché misure su singole molecole • Misure di fluorescenza “time-resolved” • Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) • Modulo SPTM2 • Risultati sperimentali

  3. Perché misure su singole molecole? • Misure di proprietà di molecole NON MEDIATE SU INSIEME • Possibilità di seguire in tempo reale l’evoluzione • Informazioni sulla dinamica della molecola Molecole di interesse biologico : Proteine FRET : Fluorescence Resonance Energy Trasnfer Variazioni di struttura nanometriche

  4. Single Molecule Structural Dynamics

  5. Nuovo metodo di X.S. Xie, Harvard University - Basato su eccitazione con impulsi laser - Rivelazione fotoni fluorescenti e misure di: • Ritardo emissione risp. eccitazione • Tempo reale di emissione • Analisi per correlazione Excitation pulse train t1 t2 t3 photon

  6. Setup di Misura ?

  7. Requisiti del Rivelatore • Alta QE (Quantum detection Efficiency) > 40% • Basso rumore intrinseco < 50c/s • Alta Risoluzione Temporale (FWHM) < 100ps NON ESISTONO RIVELATORI COMMERCIALI CON QUESTE CARATTERISTICHE

  8. Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD)

  9. PerkinElmer SPCM (SLIKTM diode) • QE: 30% (@500nm) OK • Dark Counts: 150 c/s OK • FWHM: >300ps NO! • High voltage : 300 to 400V • High dissipation • Delicate and degradable • Very expensive Reach-Trough structure Typical active region: 200 m diameter

  10. Sviluppo SPAD (Polimi e IMM-CNR) • Good QE and low noise • Picosecond timing • Low voltage : 15 to 40V • Low power : cooling not necessary • Standard Si substrate • Planar fabrication process • COMPATIBLE with array detector and integrated circuits • Robust and rugged • Low-cost Planar structure typical active region: 20-50 m diameter

  11. Quantum Efficiency e Dark Counting Rate

  12. Modulo SPTM2

  13. Modulo SPTM2 • Compatto (82x60x30mm) • Singola alimentazione • Tensioni programmabili • Hold off programmabile • Interfaccia RS-232 • Controllo di Temperatura • Pulse Counter integrato Sfruttare le Performance del Rivelatore Sistema Compatto e User Friendly

  14. APD SPAD Avalanche PhotoDiode APD Linear-mode: AMPLIFICATORE Single-Photon Avalanche Diode SPAD Geiger-mode: TRIGGER device!!

  15. iAQC: integrated Active Quenching Circuit • Active Quenching Circuit • Tempo morto corto e ben definito • High counting rate > 1 Mc/s • Impulso Standard d’uscita • iAQC, oltre la miniaturizzazione… • Capacità ridotte • Carica di valanga ridotta • Afterpulsing ridotto F.Zappa, S.Cova, M.Ghioni, US patent

  16. Modulo SPTM2: Diagramma a Blocchi

  17. Risoluzione Temporale PerkinElmer SPCM (SLIKTM diode) Planar thin Si-SPAD

  18. Risoluzione Temporale @500nm

  19. Modulo SPTM2

  20. Risultati Sperimentali

  21. Misure su Singola Molecola

  22. “Single-Molecule Protein Dynamics on Multiple Time Scales Probed by Electron Transfer” Haw Yang*, Guobin Luo*, Pallop Karnchanaphanurach*, Tai-Man Louie‡, Ivan Rech°, Sergio Cova°, Luying Xun‡ and X. Sunney Xie* * Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138. ‡ School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164. ° Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano Science, Vol.302, 262-266,10 Oct. 2003. “Photon-Timing Detector Module for Single-Molecule Spectroscopy with 60ps Resolution” Ivan Rech, Guobin Luo*, Masimo Ghioni, Sergio Cova, Haw Yang*, X. Sunney Xie* Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione, Politecnico di Milano *Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, in press, 2004

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