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Persuasion. Writing or speaking with the goal of getting the reader to agree with the speaker’s point of view on a topic. Common Features: Uses techniques such as bandwagon, glittering generalities, transfer, testimonial, transfer, bait and switch, and emotional word repetition. Bias.
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Persuasion Writing or speaking with the goal of getting the reader to agree with the speaker’s point of view on a topic. Common Features: Uses techniques such as bandwagon, glittering generalities, transfer, testimonial, transfer, bait and switch, and emotional word repetition.
Bias • Bias is defined as “a personal and sometimes unreasoned judgment.” • Sometimes overt and other times subtle and a little difficult to identify. • Bias can be found in content through an examination of the information the writer included or excluded, and it can also be found in tone through an examination of the language used. • Keep in mind that objective ideas are not influenced by emotions but biases and subjective ideas are.
Opinion Editorial or the Op-Ed An op-ed (opinion editorial) is an opinion piece written by the reader of a newspaper, magazine, or other source, on a topic relevant to the publication’s audience. Is an op-ed objective or subjective writing?
Glittering Generalities • People are persuaded by specially chosen words that can have many different positive or negative meanings because the words are deliberately linked to widely and highly valued concepts. • Words with virtue/respect include: civilization, good, proper, right, patriotism, motherhood, science, health, love… • A patriotic cause… • A good and just law…
Testimonial • People are persuaded to buy a product or service by its connection to a famous or respectable person through quotations or endorsements. • Jessica Simpson for acne medicine. • Tiger Woods for Wheaties.
Bandwagon • People are drawn to a cause or agree to join an organization or club that is popular because they are persuaded to “follow the crowd” rather than use “evidence” to justify their choice. • Everyone else is doing it and so should you.
Bait and Switch • People are attracted by the advertisement of a low-priced product or service but are then encouraged to buy a higher-priced one. • I see you like Clearasil facial wash. • You should really try the moisturizer as well. • That shirt looks great on you! • Did you see the pants that go with it? Wouldn’t these shoes also look great with that outfit? • Isn’t this car great? What a price? • Wouldn’t you like the optional 5-disc CD player and a TV, DVD player, and gaming system too?
Emotional Word Repetition • People are conditioned to remember or persuaded to buy a product or service by repetition of the name of the product or service.
Which types of persuasive techniques are used? • Video #1 • Video #2 • Video #3 • Video #4 • Video #5