The Plant Kingdom

1. The Plant Kingdom Objectives: Define plant Describe the conditions needed for a plant to live successfully on land Identify differences between non vascular plants and vascular plants Notes = purple

2. What is a plant? • Plants are organisms that are eukaryotes (multi-cellular), and have cell walls. • Nearly all are autotrophs (produce their own food). • Plants don’t physically move from one place to another.

3. Do all plants have chlorophyll? • No, there are some exceptions. However, most plants have chlorophyll, which allows them to convert the energy of the sun into sugars, thus making their own food (autotroph). Picture of an Indian pipe. A plant without chlorophyll. How do they obtain their food?

4. What do plants need to live successfully on land? • To survive on land, plants must have structures that allow them to obtain water and other nutrients from their surroundings, retain water, transport materials in their bodies, support their bodies and reproduce.

5. Discuss with your table group • How do plants obtain water and other nutrients from their environment? • How do they retain water? • How do they transport materials? • How do they support their bodies? • How do they reproduce?

6. Chart what you know… How do plants:

7. Classification of Plants • Scientists informally group plants into two major groups – non vascular plants and vascular plants

8. Non-Vascular Plants • Plants that do not have tubesto carry water up the plant or tubes to carry food made in the leaves down the plant. Water and nutrients simply pass from one cell to the next.

9. Non-vascular plants • They do not have roots, nor do they produce flowers. • Nonvascular plants are low-growing. (Why?) • Non-vascular plants tend to reproduce using spores.

10. Non-Vascular • Moss • Liverwort

11. Non-Vascular • Hornwort

12. Vascular • Plants that have tubes to carry water up and food down the plant. • All vascular plants have roots, stems and leaves. • Vascular tissue provides strength, stability and support to a plant. Thus, vascular plants can grow quite tall.

13. Vascular plants • Three types of vascular plants: • Seedless: Reproduce by making spores (Ferns)

14. Gymnosperms: Reproduce by “naked” seeds. They do not form flowers or fruits. (Pines)

15. Angiosperms: Produce flowers and seeds surrounded by fruit.

16. Go back to “Chart what you know” • Add the new information you just learned. • Discuss with your table what you need to add to the chart. • Get chart paper and markers from Mrs. Garcia. • Create a table chart.