THE PLANT KINGDOM

1. THE PLANT KINGDOM

2. All plants: • Are Multicellular • Are Autotrophic – photosynthetic • Have cell walls with cellulose (that polysaccharide that we can’t digest – burp!) • Have chloroplasts in their cells.

3. Basic plant Parts: • Leaves • Stems • Roots • Flowers • seeds

4. Leaves • Main site of photosynthesis • Consist of: • Blade • Veins • Petiole

5. Leaves can be simple or compound • Simple – have one blade • Compound - have many blades per leaf

6. Veins in leaves • Pinnate • palmate

7. stems • Support leaves and flowers • Transport water and nutrients within plant • May be used for storage (potato)

8. Types of stems: • Herbaceous • Shrub • Vine • tree

9. roots • Absorb water and minerals • Anchor plant • Some store food (carrot)

10. Root tip

11. Tap root Fibrous root Types of roots:

12. Flower – reproductive organ • Produces male and female gametes • Provides structure for fertilization

13. seeds • Reproductive structure containing stored food and plant embryo

14. Dispersal adaptations • Wind • Water • animals

15. fruit • Structure containing seeds

16. Plants in the biosphere • Producers – base of the food chain. • Energy in plants is transferred to all other organisms when the plants get eaten

17. Provide oxygen for aerobic organisms

18. Provide shelter for many organisms

19. Human uses: • Agriculture: 90% of the food you eat directly or indirectly comes from only 20 different kinds of cultivated plants: • Rice, corn, wheat, potatoes, etc.

20. Medicines from plants

21. industry

22. Uses of cellulose

23. Fossil fuels

24. Problems caused by plants • Some are poisonous… • Weeds • Root damage………..

25. Plant cells • Rigid cell wall of cellulose and other tough materials • Cells are connected to each other by shared cytoplasm • Large central vacuoles

26. Plant tissuestissue= group of similar cells performing the same function • Dermal – protective, covering • Outermost layer • Protection – includes bark in trees • Some cells contain chloroplasts, so they perform photosynthesis

27. Vascular tissue – transport or conduct materials around plant Xylem – water and minerals up phloem – food down

28. Ground tissue – fundamental tissue – not vascular, dermal or meristematic ground tissue–

29. Parts of a Flower carpel receptacle

30. Pollination – transfer of pollen from anther to carpel • Self pollination……………. • Wind pollination………. • Insect/bird/bat pollination

31. Fertilization • Occurs after pollination

32. Seeds embryo Dicot seed Monocot seed embryo

33. Seedling growth

34. Classification of Plants

35. Plant diversity Nonvascular plants: Bryophytes – mosses – no xylem or phloem

36. Vascular plants – xylem and phloem • Nonseed vascular plants - Ferns – reproduce using spores

37. Seed producing vascular plants • Gymnosperms • Naked seeds (oh my!) • Angiosperms- • flowers

38. Length of life of a plant • Annual biennial perennial

39. The end