You have 10 minutes to 1. copy the card onto a new index card- including your group names.

2. Your group letter is on your desk!2-3 per group Take an index card with writing and a blank index card • You have 10 minutes to • 1. copy the card onto a new index card- including your group names. • 2. Answer/define/give the main idea for your topic as briefly as possible • 20 minutes- to include your main ideas on the PowerPoint slide • Either type or write • I will help with this part

3. Global Warming • The increase in temperature due to trapped greenhouse gases in the atmosphere • Causes: pollution, overuse of carbon-emitting appliances, deforestation and flatulence (not in the book!). • Effects: Earth’s ice caps melt, natural habitats affected, animals whose habitats are affected are homeless.

4. Water Resources • There is a limit of freshwater • When oil spills occur it threatens the amount of freshwater. • Other problems include sewage wastes and chemicals. • The growth of algae and other plants helps to filter the system and protect it. • Water conservation is important.

5. Air Resources • Pollutant: Harmful material that can enter the atmosphere • Smog: gray, brown mixture of chemicals that occurs in a haze. • Acid Rain: rain containing nitric and sulfuric acid • Emissions from the industry into the atmosphere are nitrogen and sulfuric dioxide • Burning fossil release pollutants that cause smog.

6. Ozone Depletion • Between 20- 50 kilometers above Earth’s Surface is Ozone Layer. • Absorbs UV rays • UV rays can cause cancer and damage tissue • In 1970’s a hole in the Ozone was found over Antarctica. In 1995 another hole was found over Arctic • We stopped using CFCs. These are found in Coolants. CFCs enable UV rays to break ozone molecules.

7. Effects of Humans on Land Resources • Erosion – wearing away or breaking down of materials over time by water or wind. • Desertification – a process that occurs from poor farming, overgrazing, or drought that can turn an area of land into desert. • Plowing the land and over farming leads to both soil erosion and desertification. • Humans also overuse the resources that are often non-renewable. • Examples include: oil, deforestation of trees, and excessive fishing

8. Introduction of New Species • New Species can over run the ecosystem they are introduced in to. • Limit biodiversity in that ecosystem • Steal Nutrients • Causes unbalance in ecosystem • Example: Blue Strife which took up the space for the native plants that inhabited that ecosystem

9. Pollution: Biological Magnification • Pollution threatens biodiversity especially when toxic compounds accumulate in the tissues of organisms • Biological Magnification concentrations of a harmful substances increase in organisms at higher trophic levels in a food chain of food web. • Ex. DDT a pesticide got picked up by organisms throughout a food web and toxic level increases from consumer to consumer.

10. Introduced Species: How do they harm native ecosystems? • Introduced species reproduce quickly and usually become invasive species. • They increase their populations because their new habitat lacks the parasites and predators that control their population “back home” • Examples: Zebra mussels, leafy spurges

11. Threats to Biodiversity • Biodiversity: the sum total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere • Biodiversity is earth’s greatest natural resource and provides earth’s species to prosper • Altering habitats • Hunting species to extinction • Introducing toxic compounds to food sources • Introducing species to new environments

12. Renewable vs Non-renewable Resources • Renewable Resources- Resources that can regenerate and are therefore replaceable. • Ex: Sunlight, Tree, wind • Non-renewable Resources- Resources that take a long time to produce by nature. • Ex: Oil, Coal, Natural Gas

13. Ocean Resources (Fishing) • Fishing is a major source of protein • Using new and better technology we can gather more fish. • This may cause over fishing, meaning that we are gathering fish faster than we can reproduce. • Over fishing can cause economic downfall. • Aquaculture – a sustainable use strategy the farming of aquatic organisms.

14. Overpopulation Effects on the Environment • Current predictions state that by 2025thw world’s population will be 7.8 billion. • To make predictions demographers must take into account every country’s age structure. • Many ecologists suggest that if human population does not stop growing there would be serious done to our environment.