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On the Strength of Signifieds. …but first a quick review…. Three ways signs represent objects. Symbol. Icon. Index. Three ways signs represent objects. Symbol Arbitrary or purely conventional 100% needs to be learned
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Three ways signs represent objects • Symbol • Icon • Index
Three ways signs represent objects • Symbol • Arbitrary or purely conventional • 100% needs to be learned • language in general, alphabet, punctuation marks, numbers, Morse code, traffic lights • Icon • Resembling or imitating the signified • similar in some quality • portrait, cartoon, onomatopoeia, metaphors, sound effects imitative gestures • Index • existential connection to the signified • evidence, smoke, footprints, pain, thermometer, clock, knock on a door, photograph, handwriting,
What are some Symbols? Words Words Words
What are some Icons? “Chirp chirp” “miu miu” “vroooom”
On the Strength of Signifieds • Iconic (associative) • Indexical (authentic) • Symbolic (historical)
On the Strength of Signifieds • Iconic (associative) • Indexical (authentic) • Symbolic (historical)
On the Strength of Signifieds • Iconic (associative) • Indexical (authentic) • Symbolic (historical)
Strength of Signifieds: Indexical • In 1991 Four LA police officers were videotaped restraining and repeatedly striking a black man, while four to six other officers stand by. • Video was broadcast worldwide • No part of the tape that shows Mr. King attacking the officers, as some have claimed. • King had also been tasered by the officers. • The resulting public outrage increased anger over police brutality and issues such as unemployment, racial tension, and poverty in the black community of South Central Los Angeles. • The four officers were tried in a state court for using excessive force, but were acquitted, due to a hung jury. • The announcement of the acquittals sparked the 1992 Los Angeles riots.
On the Strength of Signifieds • Iconic (associative) • Indexical (authentic) • Symbolic (historical)
