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Naktuinbouw Variety Testing Applicants meeting 19th October 2015

Naktuinbouw Variety Testing Applicants meeting 19th October 2015. The use of molecular techniques in DUS-testing in future. Molecular techniques in breeding. Classical positive and negative selection Crossing Hybridisation Marker assisted breeding Latest development

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Naktuinbouw Variety Testing Applicants meeting 19th October 2015

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  1. Naktuinbouw VarietyTestingApplicants meeting 19th October 2015 The use of molecular techniques in DUS-testing in future

  2. Molecular techniques in breeding • Classical positive and negative selection • Crossing • Hybridisation • Marker assisted breeding • Latest development • Marker driven breeding • How should test for PBR react to this development

  3. Possible use of Molecular techniques • Morphology only Classical DUS test on phenotype • Morphology + DNA Support Model; Classical DUS test + Characteristic based use of Mol. techniques • Morphology + DNA Model; Management of ref collections + Classical DUS test (Maize, potato) • DNA + Morphology New Model?

  4. BMT 2014 • DNA + MorphologyNew Model? • First year: 1. Selection of closestvarieties on DNAagainst DNA database 2. Field test withtheselectedvarietiesforcomparison. 3. Morphologicaldescription is made

  5. BMT 2014 After first year:4. Description made in first year is usedto look formorphologically (too)close varieties. 5. If these varieties are found; trial in second yearwith these varieties. Ifnot, no second yearneeded • Advantages; fewercomparingvarieties in trials, reduction of number of growingcycleslikely. • Downside: learning curve needed, databases needed

  6. BMT 2014 • The Do’s and dont’s with DNA and DNA data • Concern among the breeders on the use and possible exchange of DNA and DNA data. Matter addressed in the Netherlands, policy decided. On the basis of NL proposal exchange of DNA now added to CPVO policy. Will be introduced in UPOV also.

  7. BMT 2014 • How tocommunicate DNA basedidentityWorkwith DNA asksfor a possible new way of description. First attempttodescribe a varietybased on itsgeneticdistanceto a number of fixedstandards.

  8. BMT 2014 The earth’s geographic coordinate system allows for precise placement of every location on earth. U.S. Cities, Albany, Harrisburg, and Syracuse can be distinguished geographically by their coordinates, latitude and longitude: City Latitude Longitude Albany 42.6525 -73.757222 Harrisburg 40.26972 -76.875556 Syracuse 43.04694 -76.144444

  9. BMT 2014 Another way to distinguish between, Albany, Harrisburg, and Syracuse is by measuring their distances from well-known ‘reference’ cities: Albany and Harrisburg are very similar in their distance from Rochester, but are distinguished from each other by their distances from the other cities. Subject City Boston New York Philadelphia Rochester Pittsburgh Albany 223 217 323 319 575 Harrisburg 539 248 151 327 264 Syracuse 423 314 354 120 432

  10. BMT 2014 • Varieties do not have fixed “coordinates”. However, genetic distances can be easily computed. Genetic similarities coefficients, with a known set of ‘reference’ varieties, can be used to distinguish between genotypes.

  11. BMT 2014 • Possible approach to translate genetic distances into UPOV characteristic with 9 states from Very short to very long. • To be investigated if the ususal UPOV rules could be applied.

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