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Define these terms: - Nara : Japan’s first capital city, lasting AD 710-794

Define these terms: - Nara : Japan’s first capital city, lasting AD 710-794 - Heian : meaning “peace,” period of Japanese history from AD 794 to 1180 - The Tale of Genji : the world’s first novel, written around AD 1000

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Define these terms: - Nara : Japan’s first capital city, lasting AD 710-794

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  1. Define these terms: -Nara: Japan’s first capital city, lasting AD 710-794 -Heian: meaning “peace,” period of Japanese history from AD 794 to 1180 -The Tale of Genji: the world’s first novel, written around AD 1000 -Regents:people who ruled when the emperor was too sick or too old to rule -Nobles: rich people who ruled local areas in Japan and basically created the samurai class

  2. Nara Period Japan Bellwork: Add this to yesterday’s notes: -As we learned in a previous lesson, the city of Nara became Japan’s first capital city during the early AD 700s. -Because Nara was Japan’s capital city, the time period from AD 710-794 is known as the Nara Period in Japanese history.

  3. Nara Period Japan -Since the Japanese did not use the Chinese practice of using examinations to hire good, smart government officials, the government became corrupt and eventually failed. -As we learned before, Buddhism became powerful in Japan during the Nara period, and in AD 770, a Buddhist monk tried to overthrow the emperor. -Because of this danger, the emperor decided to leave Nara for a new capital.

  4. 1. Why is the period from AD 710-794 known as the Nara Period in Japanese history? 2. Why did the Japanese government become corrupt during the Nara period? 3. How did the Nara period end in the late AD 700s?

  5. Heian Period Japan -In AD 794, the emperor of Japan moved the capital from Nara to a new city called Heian-Kyo. -Heian-Kyo later became known as Kyoto, which means “capital city,” and still exists today. -The city of Heian-Kyo looked much like a major Chinese city.

  6. Heian Period Japan -Heian means “peace” in Japanese, and the Heian period was a time of great artistic culture in Japan, especially for poetry and literature.

  7. 4. To which city did the Japanese move the country’s capital in AD 794? 5. What does Heian mean in Japanese? 6. Why do we remember the Heian period? (What was it known for?)

  8. Literature of the Heian Period -The Heian Period existed during the years AD 794-1180. -Many great pieces of art and literature were created during the Heian period, the most important being The Tale of Genji.

  9. Literature of the Heian Period -The Tale of Genji was written by a woman named Lady Muraskai Shikibu around the year AD 1000. -The Tale of Genji describes the romances and adventures of a Japanese prince. -Some people believe The Tale of Genji is the world’s first novel, or long fictional story.

  10. 7.When did the Heian Period of Japan exist? 8. What was the most important piece of literature created during the Heian period? 9. Why is The Tale of Genji so important in world history?

  11. End of the Heian Period -Heian Period Japan lasted until AD 1180, but the emperors of the time started losing power beginning in the AD 800s. -Many weak emperors gave rise to a group known as regents. Regents were people who ruled when the emperor was too old or too sick to govern.

  12. End of the Heian Period -These regents gave power to a class called nobles, and these nobles (rich people) in other areas of Japan took charge of the areas they lived in. -The nobles made local people pay taxes to pay for local governments, and even gave land to warriors who agreed to fight for them. -These land-owning warriors became known as samurai.

  13. Bellwork– Answer these questions on the notes from last week: 10. Why did regents begin taking charge of Japan in the AD 800s? 11. Who took over local areas of Japan? 12. How did regents cause the rise of the samurai in Japan?

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