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EFFECT OF TOBACCO USE ON ADOLESCENT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Mini Lecture 2

This mini lecture aims to provide students with knowledge about the vulnerability of adolescents to tobacco use and the potential impact it can have on their developmental trajectory. Topics covered include nicotine's effects on brain development, lung growth, and bone growth.

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EFFECT OF TOBACCO USE ON ADOLESCENT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Mini Lecture 2

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  1. EFFECT OF TOBACCO USE ON ADOLESCENT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Mini Lecture 2 Module: Tobacco and Adolescents

  2. Objectives of the Mini Lecture GOAL OF MINI LECTURE: Provide students with knowledge about the vulnerability of adolescents to tobacco use and its potential impact on their developmental trajectory. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: Students will be able to: • Describe why adolescents are particularly vulnerable to tobacco use. • List at least 2 effects of nicotine on adolescent brain development. • Understand the effect of nicotine on bone growth and lung growth.

  3. Contents Core Slides Adolescent Development Adolescence as a Time of Greater Risk Taking Smoking as a “Problem Behavior” Effects of Nicotine on the Brain Tobacco and Lung Growth and Development Tobacco and Bone Growth

  4. CORE SLIDES Effects of Tobacco on Adolescent Growth and Development Mini Lecture 2 Module: Tobacco and adolescents

  5. Adolescent Development • Adolescence is marked by dramatic changes in individual development. • These changes are biological, cognitive, and emotional. • Also a time of major social change: smoking occurs in a social context where identity is being established. • Youth are very self-conscious.

  6. Adolescence as a Time ofGreater Risk Taking • Many biologically-based changes in neural systems of emotion and motivation occur during adolescence.1 • This contributes to an increase in tendencies toward risk taking, sensation seeking, and emotional changes.1 • Teens are attracted to behaviors and images associated with risk, excitement, and intensity. 1. Dahl and Spear 2004

  7. Smoking as a “Problem Behavior” Smoking initiation has been linked to other problems, such as risk-taking, rebelliousness, and substance use. • Strong link between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cigarette smoking, possibly because nicotine improves attention. • Depression and adolescent smoking are linked, although the causal direction is not clear. • High trait anxiety is linked to smoking, and evidence supports an association between stress or anxiety and teen smoking.

  8. Effects of Nicotine on the Brain • Adolescence is a critical time of brain development. • There are numerous transformations in synaptic pruning, increased function of precortical systems, and changes in grey matter. • The adolescent brain may be particularly sensitive to and vulnerable to disruption by nicotine and other psychoactive substances.

  9. Tobacco and Lung Growthand Development • Cigarette smoking is associated with mild airway obstruction and slowed growth of lung function in adolescents. • Adolescent girls may be more vulnerable than boys to the effects of smoking on the growth of lung function. • Neurotoxic effects of nicotine are more severe when exposure to nicotine occurs at earlier periods in development.

  10. Tobacco and Bone Growth • Nicotine may interfere with normal bone growth by suppressing bone formation and increasing bone resorption.1 • Smoking is a risk factor associatedwith development of low back pain among adolescents.2 • Smoking by healthy young males is associated with decreased bone mass.3 1. Silcox et al 1995; 2. Feldman et al. 2001; 3. Ortego-Centeno et al. 1997

  11. Stop smoking for the health of your family!

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