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Animal Cloning : To Clone, or not to Clone

Animal Cloning : To Clone, or not to Clone. Georgia Agriculture Education Curriculum Office November 2005. Dolly. Pros:. Cure human diseases Using animal organs Create animals that are disease resistant More consistent food products Save endangered species. Cons:. Public perception

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Animal Cloning : To Clone, or not to Clone

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  1. Animal Cloning:To Clone, or not to Clone Georgia Agriculture Education Curriculum Office November 2005 Dolly

  2. Pros: • Cure human diseases • Using animal organs • Create animals that are disease resistant • More consistent food products • Save endangered species

  3. Cons: • Public perception • Use technology to clone humans • Expensive • Not efficient • Cloned products cannot be marketed

  4. Cloning Definition: The process of making identical genomic copies of an original animal. Encyclopedia Britannica: An individual organism that was grown from a single body cell of its parent and that is genetically identical to it.

  5. Brief History of Cloning • 1902: Walter Sutton proves chromosomes hold genetic information. • 1902: German scientist Hans Spemann divides a salamander embryo. • Spemann proposes a “fantastical experiment”

  6. Brief History of Cloning • 1952: Briggs and King clone tadpoles. • 1953: Watson and Crick find the structure of DNA. • 1962: John Gurdon clones frogs from differentiated cells. • 1963: J.B.S. Haldane coins the term ‘clone’.

  7. Brief History of Cloning • 1977: Karl Illmensee creates mice with only one parent, • 1984: Twinning- create genetic copies from embryonic cells. • 1996: First animal cloned from adult cells is born.

  8. The Cloning Process • 1978: Splitting embryos • 1986: Embryo Cloning • 1994: Embryonic cell line cloning • 1996: Adult or Somatic cell cloning

  9. Creating Dolly

  10. Stage 1 Cell collected from a sheep’s udder.

  11. Stage 2 Nucleus is removed from unfertilized egg of second sheep.

  12. Stage 3 Udder cell is inserted into egg with no nucleus.

  13. Stage 4 Insertion is successful.

  14. Stage 5 Electrical charge is supplied.

  15. Stage 6 Cells begin to divide.

  16. Stages 7 & 8

  17. Cloning Facts • Plant cloning has been around for thousands of years • Farm animal cloning has been around for over 20 years • Cloning is a form of asexual reproduction • Clones are not exact copies • Cloned animals are safe to raise and eat

  18. Cloning Fallacies • Genetic make-up is altered • Mutants are created • Clones are unhealthy • Will eventually lead to cloning humans • Possible to recreate people such as Hitler

  19. House Bill 2505Human Cloning Prohibition Act • Prohibition on human cloning • Criminal Penalty: Up to 10 years imprisonment • Civil penalty: Minimum 1 million dollar fine

  20. Final Thoughts • Cloning has been around for a long time • Cloned products are safe • Useful in medical and pharmacological fields • Will not replace traditional animal agriculture • Need to better educate public • Close regulation

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