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The Scramble for Africa: European Imperialism in the Age of Exploration

Explore the reasons behind the European nations' competition in the "Scramble for Africa" from 1870-1914 during the Age of Imperialism. Learn about the forces driving imperialism and the impact of European superiority beliefs on Africa. Discover how technological advancements and the discovery of resources led to the colonization of Africa, with notable events like the Berlin Conference shaping the continent's political landscape. Delve into the maps and videos provided to deepen your understanding of this pivotal period in history.

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The Scramble for Africa: European Imperialism in the Age of Exploration

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  1. The Scramble for Africa

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  3. Why did European nations compete in the “Scramble for Africa?” • Exploration paved the way for conquerors-as Europe become more industrialized-the need for new resources increased • Until the 1870’s-Europeans really had little interest in Africa (except for the slave trade) • Outposts had been established along the coast, but for trade purposes only.

  4. Between 1870-1914 a dramatic shift occurs • Almost all of Africa comes under European rule • First Leopold II of Belgium acquires the Congo, then the French take the west and the British take the rest

  5. The Age of Imperialism • Imperialism-domination by one country of the p/e/c life of another • Most common form of influence- colonies

  6. European Imperialism • Forces driving Imperialism-economic, political and social • Industrial Revolution-as European nations became more industrialized/wealthy-searched for new markets and raw materials • Belief in European superiority-new sense of nationalistic pride

  7. “Backward” Nation • Underdeveloped natural resources • Primitive economy • Weak government • Limited military power

  8. Factors promoting ImperialismIn Africa • Europeans technological superiority • Means to control empire-steam engine • Perfection of quinine 1829 • Africa culturally and linguistic diverse-discouraged unity

  9. Work of Explorers • Explorers Stanley and Livingston describe geography, resources and people of Africa. • Glowing reports reawaken Europe’s interest in Africa.

  10. Gold and diamonds.. • Discovery of gold and diamonds increased Europe’s interest in colonizing Africa-No European power wanted to be left out of the race….

  11. The scramble.. • Brings European powers to the brink of war • To settle their disagreements-the Berlin Conference took place from 1884-1885 • Without consulting the African people, the European nations drew boundary lines on a map of Africa

  12. Examine the maps below and answer the questions that follow

  13. Examine the two maps and then answer the following questions What is the main difference between the two maps? What part do you think The Berlin Conference played in the creation of Map 2? What do you think happened to the African political entities by 1914? According to map 2, which 2 European countries held the most territory? Why do you think this is?

  14. Using the chart, answer the following questions • What % of Africa was colonized by 1913? • Which two countries have the MOST territory? • How much of Africa is independent?

  15. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pw12KGSj53k http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PvpDuNIBTKc http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJ6V1qXbc2Y

  16. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJ6V1qXbc2Y

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