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Study of three-body systems at KVI

Study of three-body systems at KVI. Nasser Kalantar-Nayestanaki Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI) 18 th International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics Santos, August 21, 2006. Nijmegen I Nijmegen II Reid 93 CD-Bonn Argonne V18 …. N-N Potentials.

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Study of three-body systems at KVI

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  1. Study of three-body systems at KVI Nasser Kalantar-Nayestanaki Kernfysisch Versneller Instituut (KVI) 18th International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics Santos, August 21, 2006 18th International Conference on Few-body Problems in Physics Santos, August 21-26, 2006

  2. Nijmegen I • Nijmegen II • Reid 93 • CD-Bonn • Argonne V18 • … N-N Potentials Modern phenomenological NN potentials: Comparison with experimental np&pp database gives: 2/data ~ 1 Study of three-body systems at KVI

  3. Three-Nucleon Force! (3NF) Phenomenological N-N forces fail to describe A>2 systems! How to resolve? Beyond phenomenological N-N forces Study of three-body systems at KVI

  4. “...the replacement of field interactions by two-body action-at-a-distance potentials is a poor approximation in nuclear problems.” Three-Body Forces in Nuclear Physics Study of three-body systems at KVI

  5. N N N Three-body forces in Nuclear physics  Study of three-body systems at KVI

  6. Ggggggg p D p p p Three-Body Forces in Nuclear Physics • parametrization of Fuijta-Miyazawa force + 2p rescattering + higher-order interactions • Added to 2N potential as correction • Tucson-Melbourne, Urbana IX, … Study of three-body systems at KVI

  7. Effective-Field Theory Approach • Developed by Weinberg • Coupling of pions and nucleons in EFT • Predicts structure of 3NF • Self-consistent approach • Only works at energies below pion-mass scale Study of three-body systems at KVI

  8. Three-body forces and Wikipedia A three-body force is a force that does not exist in a system of two objects but appears in a system of three objects (three-body system like in Euler's three-body problem) or more. In physics, an intuitive example of a three-body force is the case of charged, metallic spheres: the charge distribution at the surface of two spheres placed close to each other will be modified, and thus the total force felt by a third sphere cannot be described by the sum of the forces from the two other spheres taken individually. The fundamental strong interaction seems to exhibits such behaviours. In particle physics, the interactions between the three quarks that compose baryons can be described in a diquark model which is equivalent to the hypothesis of a three-body force. There is growing evidence in the field of nuclear physics that three-body forces exist among the nucleons inside atomic nuclei (three-nucleon force). As an analogy, if we identify bodies with human beings and forces with emotions, jealousy is a good example of three-body force: it is not felt as long as only two persons are acting, but it can show up as soon as a third person enters into the scene. Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-body_force" Study of three-body systems at KVI

  9. N + d  N + d N + d  N + N + N N + d  3He(3H) + g(*) g(*) + 3He(3H)  N + d g(*) + 3He(3H)  N + N + N Study of Three-Body Forcein Nuclear Physics • Which reactions (and systems) to study? - Electromagnetic interaction on 3B systems - 3B (and more bodies?) Boundstates - 3BElastic scattering in large parts of phase space - 3BBreak-up reaction in different kinematics - Many-body systems  Nuclear matter See talk R3-18 J. Messchendorp Study of three-body systems at KVI

  10. ndscattering np scattering Only 2NF Total nd Cross sections • Effect of 3NF small • High-precision mandatory • In addition, look for sensitivity: • exclusive channels • other observables High precision data from Los Alamos W.P. Abfalterer et al., PRL 81, 57 (1998) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  11. AGOR Facility Study of three-body systems at KVI

  12. BBS SALAD 1995-2002 BINA 2004-??? PB AGOR Facility Detectors Study of three-body systems at KVI

  13. Effect of 3NF as a function of Energy Bieber et al., PRL84, 606 (2000) Ermisch et al., PRL86, 5862 (2001) PRC68, 054004(2003) PRC71, 064004(2005) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  14. Spin-Transfer Coefficients Study of three-body systems at KVI

  15. Spin-Transfer Coefficients H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, Submitted to PRL Study of three-body systems at KVI

  16. Spin-Transfer Coefficients H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, Submitted to PRL Study of three-body systems at KVI

  17. Spin-Transfer Coefficients H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, Submitted to PRL Study of three-body systems at KVI

  18. Spin-Transfer Coefficients H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, Submitted to PRL Study of three-body systems at KVI

  19. Spin-Transfer Coefficients H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, Submitted to PRL Study of three-body systems at KVI

  20. Spin-Transfer Coefficients Hanover Approach of dynamical delta H.R. Amir-Ahmadi, Submitted to PRL Study of three-body systems at KVI

  21. Spin-Transfer Coefficients Study of three-body systems at KVI

  22. More analyzing powers 65 MeV/A 90 MeV/A Study of three-body systems at KVI

  23. Overview world data-base for pd pd • rich set of spin observables for the elastic channel, allowing a multi-dim. study of 3NF • only fraction has been measured accurately and systematically (RIKEN/RCNP/IUCF/KVI) • still much to explore! Study of three-body systems at KVI

  24. Break-up channel 5 dimensional phase space (1, 2, E1, E2, 12) i.e. much larger than in the elastic channel () Allows detailed road-map for the study of nuclear forces Requires a setup with large coverage Study of three-body systems at KVI

  25. Break-up channel at 65 MeV/A Analysis by Polish group S (MeV) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  26. s2NF+3NF – s2NF Ds = s2NF+3NF Bochum-Cracow Group (2NF=CDB, 3NF=TM’) The break-up channel Study of three-body systems at KVI

  27. The new polarimeter and the 4 detector, BINA BINA @ KVI ~3 meters beam Big Instrument for Nuclear-polarization Analysis (BINA) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  28. Wire chambers + analyzer 150 phoswich Scintillators =Target chamber Thin scintillators for particle identification Forward scintillators (E-wall) The new polarimeter and the 4 detector, BINA Study of three-body systems at KVI

  29. The new Polarimeter and the 4 detector Study of three-body systems at KVI

  30. Break-up channel at 190 MeV E1 vs. E2 Cross section Ay Preliminary Results See the talk by H. Mardanpour, Friday R3-15 Study of three-body systems at KVI

  31. Pilot experiment for the break-up very successful. • New experiment at 135 and 190 MeV finished recently. Lots of results emerging. Breakup Summary • Three-body hadronic reactions are the most promosing tool for the study of 3BF effects. • A systematic study of cross sections and analyzing powers as a function of energy provides a good data-base for these studies. • Aside from cross sections, many spin observables have also been studied at various energies. Elastic Scattering Study of three-body systems at KVI

  32. Outlook • The search for 3BF effects is taking place at a few laboratories. • At KVI, we have set up a comprehensive program to study the three-body systems. • The situation for the three-body systems is like the situation of NN of some 20 years ago! • How about the 4-body system? Study of three-body systems at KVI

  33. H.R. Amir Ahmadi, A.M. van den Berg, R. Bieber, K. Ermisch, M. Elsami-Kalantari, M.N. Harakeh, H. Huisman, M. Kis, H. Mardanpour, A. Mehmandoost, J.G. Messchendorp, M. Mahjour-Shafiei, A. Ramazani, E. Van Garderen, M. Volkerts, S.Y. van der Werf, H. Woertche + Polish Experimental Group (O. Biegun, K. Bodek, St. Kistryn, A. Micherdzinska, E. Stephan, J. Zejma and W. Zipper) + Japanese group (K. Itoh, T. Kawabata, H. Kuboki, Y. Maeda, S. Sakaguchi, H. Sakai, N. Sakalmoto, Y. Sasamoto, M. Sasano, K. Sekiguchi, K. Suda, Y. Takahashi, T. Uesaka, K. Yako + Theoretical support from Bochum-Cracow (Gloeckle, Golak, Kuros-Zolnierczuk, Skibinski and Witala) KIT (Kamada) Hanover (Sauer) Lisbon (Deltuva) Jülich (Epelbaum, Nogga) Acknowledgements Study of three-body systems at KVI

  34. A look at the Japanese data 70 MeV 135 MeV 250 MeV Study of three-body systems at KVI

  35. Initial (pd) and final state (3He) show 3NF effects-> radiative capture should also! High-momentum component of 3He w.f. Sensitive to electro-magnetic currents! Nucleon-deuteron Radiative Capture Why study Nd radiative capture? Study of three-body systems at KVI

  36. “Tensor anomaly” in pd-radiative capture Bochum-Cracow Faddeev calculation • Potentials: AV18 (NN) +UIX (3NF) • E.M. current operator: non-rel single nucleon + many-body currents in p and r exchange (explicit) • IUCF, PRC35, 37(87) Ay(d) Ay(N) • RCNP (Preliminary) Ayy Axx p+d3He+g @ 100 MeV/nucleon Study of three-body systems at KVI

  37. “Tensor anomaly” in pd-radiative capture • IUCF, PRC35, 37(87) Ay(d) Ay(N) • RCNP (Preliminary) Hanover Coupled channel ??? • Potentials: CD Bonn+ (NN) +virtual D • E.M. current operator: Siegert form of the current operator + expl. MEC contrs. not accounted for by SGE “Tensor Anomaly” Ayy Axx p+d3He+g @ 100 MeV/nucleon Study of three-body systems at KVI

  38. KVI Experiment (2003) d+p3He+g(*) CH2-10 mg/cm2 LH2-55 mg/cm2 g e+/e- Study of three-body systems at KVI

  39. Vector and tensor analyzing powersin d+p->3He+ @ KVI Data: A. Mehmandoost nucl-ex/0501012; PLB 617, 18 (2005) Calc. Hanover group Study of three-body systems at KVI

  40. Triton Binding Energy Study of three-body systems at KVI

  41. Triton Binding Energy Modern N-N potentials fail to describe triton B.E. Study of three-body systems at KVI

  42. Ab-initio calculations for light nuclei Courtesy S. Pieper, Argonne (+3NF) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  43. Nd elastic scattering cross sections Enlab = 140 MeV H. Witala et al. PRL 81, 1183 (1998) Enlab = 12 MeV 3NF only 2NF only Enlab = 65 MeV Enlab = 200 MeV Total Study of three-body systems at KVI

  44. 5 MeV 7 MeV 9 MeV 2+3NF 2NF 10 MeV 12 MeV 16 MeV 22.7 MeV 28 MeV The Ay puzzle at low energies 18 MeV Calculations by Pisa group Study of three-body systems at KVI

  45. The Ay puzzle at low energies Calculations by Pisa group, data courtesy T. Clegg from TUNL Study of three-body systems at KVI

  46. pd elastic scattering cross sections K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, 054004 (2003), PRC 71, 064004 (2005) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  47. pd elastic scattering cross sections K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, 054004 (2003), PRC 71, 064004 (2005) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  48. pd elastic scattering cross sections K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, 054004 (2003), PRC 71, 064004 (2005) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  49. pd elastic scattering cross sections K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, 054004 (2003), PRC 71, 064004 (2005) Study of three-body systems at KVI

  50. pd elastic scattering cross sections K. Ermisch et al., PRC 68, 054004 (2003), PRC 71, 064004 (2005) Study of three-body systems at KVI

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