AP C o urse and Exam Redesign

1. AP Course and Exam Redesign

2. AP Higher Education Website www.collegeboard.org/aphighered

3. ArtsArt HistoryMusic TheoryStudio Art: Drawing PortfolioStudio Art: 2-D Design PortfolioStudio Art: 3-D Design Portfolio EnglishEnglish Language & CompositionEnglish Literature & Composition History & Social ScienceComparative Government & PoliticsEuropean HistoryHuman GeographyMacroeconomicsMicroeconomicsPsychologyUS Government & PoliticsUS HistoryWorld History Mathematics & Computer ScienceCalculus ABCalculus BCComputer Science AStatistics Natural SciencesBiologyChemistryEnvironmental SciencePhysics BPhysics C: Electricity & MagnetismPhysics C: Mechanics World LanguagesChinese Language & CultureFrench Language & CultureGerman Language & CultureItalian Language & CultureJapanese Language & CultureLatinSpanish Language & CultureSpanish Literature

4. Most popular AP exams in AZ • Which exams are most frequently presented for credit? English Language & Composition English Literature & Comp US History United States Government & Politics Calculus AB

6. Advances in AP Redesigning High Stakes Assessments to Measure 21st Century Knowledge and Skill • Begins with courses and exams in world language, history, and science subjects • Represents a collaboration among college faculty, AP teachers, and learning and assessment specialists • Is designed to meet colleges’ expectations of student outcomes for the comparable college course

7. What’s Changing in Each Subject?

8. Key Components of the Revised APCourses and Exams • Curricula that strike a balance between breadth of content coverage and depth of understanding • Greater emphasis on critical thinking, inquiry, reasoning, and communication • Standards informed by: • Recommendations of researchers and national disciplinary organizations • Results of curriculum studies conducted at four-year institutions • Leading pedagogical and measurement practices

9. http://apcentral.collegeboard.com/

10. AP Course Launch Schedule

11. World Language Curriculum Revisions: Goals • Align with 21st century practices focused on the three modes of communication: • Interpersonal • Interpretive • Presentational • Provide a thematic approach; integrate language, literature and culture by requiring students to make connections to other disciplines and to compare aspects of multiple cultures. • Articulate clear learning objectives that describe the college-level knowledge and skills that students need to succeed on AP Exams. • Include performance level descriptors that provide the basis for interpreting student scores on AP Exams and allow teachers to adjust curriculum and instruction to meet students' needs.

12. New Courses and Exams Emphasize Real-World Application

13. Historical Thinking Skills Redesigned history courses focus on four key historical thinking skills central to 21st century history studies. • Historical argumentation • Appropriate use of relevant historical evidence Crafting Historical Arguments from Historical Evidence • Historical causation • Patterns of continuity and change over time • Periodization • Chronological • Reasoning • Comparison • Contextualization Comparison and Contextualization • Historical Interpretation and Synthesis • Interpretation • Synthesis

14. Science Curriculum Revisions: Goals Developed in response to recommendations made by the National Research Council and the National Science Foundation • Promote deep conceptual understanding by reducing breadth of coverage, allowing students to develop scientific inquiry and reasoning skills. • Designed around 7 Science Practices-extending thinking and investigation across concepts and domains • Focus on emerging areas of research that capture essential concepts within the discipline and engage students. • Develop exam questions that measure the integration and application of knowledge and skills, rather than memorization. • Emphasize inquiry-based labs, aligned with the recommendations in America’s Lab Report.

15. What’s Changing for Physics B in 2014?

16. Why Are We Redesigning Physics B? Recommendations of a 2002 National Research Council/ National Science Foundation Report: Recommendations for AP science courses: • Help students develop a deep understanding of concepts, principles, and science practices, rather than focus on exhaustive coverage. • Engage students in inquiry by providing opportunities to experiment and analyze information critically. AP Physics B recommendations: • Replace current Physics B with a two-year sequence of study. • Focus primarily on Newtonian mechanics (including rotational dynamics) in a one-year course.

17. Current Course Redesigned Courses Current course includes a wide breadth of topics to be covered in a single year. • New courses decrease breadth of content each year to allow time to promote conceptual reasoning and understanding. AP Physics 1: • kinematics • Newton’s laws of motion; • torque; • rotational motion and angular momentum; • gravitation and circular motion; • work, energy, and power; • linear momentum; • oscillations, mechanical waves and sound; • introduction to electric circuits AP Physics 2: • fluid statics and dynamics; • thermodynamics with kinetic theory, PV diagrams and probability; • electrostatics; • electrical circuits; • magnetic fields; • electromagnetism; • physical and geometric optics; • topics in modern physics • kinematics; • Newton’s laws of motion; • torque; • gravitation and circular motion; work, energy, and power; • linear momentum; • oscillations, • mechanical waves and sound; • fluid statics and dynamics; • thermodynamics with kinetic theory, PV diagrams; • electrostatics; • electrical circuits; • magnetic fields; • electromagnetism; • physical and geometric optics; • topics in modern physics

18. Current Exam Redesigned Exam Emphasis is often placed on questions that require only mathematical routines used for solution. • Students will continue to solve problems mathematically but the use of proportional and symbolic reasoning and ability to translate between multiple representations will be emphasized. • Physics 1 and 2 Exams | 90 minutes • 50-55 multiple choice questions • Discrete items and items in sets • 4 answer choices for each question • Multiple-correct items • Physics 1 | 90 minutes • 5 free-response questions • 1 experimental design question • 1 qualitative/quantitative translation • 3 short-answer questions • Physics 2 | 90 minutes • 4 free-response questions: • 1 experimental design question • 1 qualitative/quantitative translation • 2 short-answer questions • 70 Multiple-choice questions | 90 minutes • Discrete items and items in sets • 5 answer choices for each question • 6-7 Free-response questions | 90 minutes • 1 laboratory-related item • Questions of varying length

19. Recommending Course Credit-What do AP Exam Scores of 3+ mean?

20. Curriculum Framework Development Discover Develop Validate Curriculum studies, research, and recommendations are collected A curriculum framework is drafted The curriculum framework is reviewed and verified 4-year colleges & universities 50+ college department chairs Academic organizations Committee of college faculty & AP teachers 50+ AP teachers Panels of subject-matter experts

21. Exam Development Define Align Achievement expectations are defined by the specific knowledge and skills required to earn each exam score. Two studies are conducted to establish standards and inform cut scores for the relevant AP Exam. Standard setting College comparability Exam questions are reviewed against achievement expectations to set raw scores for the overall exam. Portions of an AP Exam are administered to students in the related college course; student AP scores are correlated to their final course grades. Committees of teachers & college faculty who teach comparable college/AP courses A panel of15 college faculty& AP teachers College faculty from the panel and their students

22. Sample of colleges participating in comparability studies

23. How do we determine exam scores and grade correlates? • Defining performance: College faculty teaching the comparable course develop descriptions of the performance required to earn each score. • Standard-settings: A panel of college faculty and AP teachers review course descriptions and determines the number of questions on the exam that students need to answer correctly to earn each score. • Comparability studies: College faculty at a range of institutions — administer portions of an AP Exam to students in the comparable college course; student AP scores are correlated to their final course grades. • Knowledge and skills required to earn scores of 1-5 on an AP Exam are derived from standard settings and college comparability studies.

24. What do AP scores mean? • The College Board and the American Council on Education (ACE) recommend granting credit/placement for scores of 3 and higher, which correlate to letter grades of C or better. • Most colleges recognize transfer credit with grades of C or better. • AP scores are correlated to grades in the corresponding introductory college course. 1 2 3 4 5

25. AP RESEARCH http://aphighered.collegeboard.org/research-reports

26. AP Fosters Persistence and College Success AP Students Succeed in Subsequent Courses AP students exempting from introductory course perform as well, or better than, non-AP students in the sequent course, and earned higher overall GPAs. AP Students Persist and Complete Degrees Students with AP Exam scores of 3 and higher were more likely to graduate from college, and to graduate within 4 or 5 years, than non-AP students. AP Contributes to Students’ Disciplinary Focus AP students generally took more courses in the discipline and were more likely to major in a closely related discipline.

27. AP Students Tend to Major in Disciplines Related to the AP Exam The correlation between AP Exam and major is particularly strong for STEM subjects. Adapted from Mattern, Shaw, & Ewing, 2011

28. Morgan & Klaric: Findings • Students who earn 3+ on AP Exams tend to earn higher GPAs in subsequent college courses.

29. Patterson, Packman, & Kobrin: Findings • 147,000 first-year students at 110 four-year institutions • Cross-classified, multilevel modeling approach adjusted for gender, racial/ethnicity, highest parental education level, SAT scores, and high school GPA • AP Exam takers scoring a 3+ in the corresponding subject area earned higher GPAs in subsequent courses within that discipline than non-AP Exam takers in seven of the nine subject areas studied. • Students’ first-year college subject area (SGPAs) examined in nine subject areas: mathematics, computer science, engineering, natural science, social science, history, English, world language, art and music. • Across all exams, in terms of same-subject-area GPA, AP Exam takers scoring: • a 3 outperformed non-AP Exam takers by about 0.11; • a 4 outperformed non-AP Exam takers by about 0.16 ; and • a 5 outperformed non-AP Exam takers by about 0.25.

30. Using evidence to inform college credit and placement policy • College Board Admitted Class Evaluation Service can provide data analysis to help inform policy. • Request a free placement validity study at www.collegeboard.org/aces. • Upload data, indicate credit / placement policies • Receive report, summarizing key group differences • Consider performing a more tailored analysis with matching Contact Information ACES Team (609) 683-2255 aces@info.collegeboard.org • Institutions who establish evidenced based AP credit policies, examine content and curriculum alignment, AP student placement validity to inform AP policy review.

31. Introducing AP Capstone™ Launching Fall 2014

32. Introducing - AP Capstone™ is an innovative program that allows students to engage in rigorous college-level study of the critical skills necessary for success in college. The Program of study includes a two-course sequence: AP Seminar and AP Research • Considering multiple perspectives • Careful evaluation of information • Writing evidence-based arguments • Identifying and Solving Problems • Oral communication and defending an argument • Collaboration & teamwork Developed with higher education support and a successful pilot supported by 100+ colleges in the U.S. and Canada

33. AP Capstone Promotes the Skills Identified by Leading Educational Organizations • The American Association of Colleges and Universities (AAC&U)College Learning for the New Global Century, Essential Learning Outcomes • College Board - Advanced Placement ProgramSkills and Practices identified in AP Courses • The Partnership for 21st Century Skills (P21), A Framework for 21st Century Learning • Common Core State Standards Initiative, Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects 6-1 • Council of Writing Program Administrators, Framework for Success in Postsecondary Writing Building on the hallmarks of the AP Course & Exam Redesign, AP Capstone emphasizes critical thinking, inquiry, reasoning and communication

34. AP Capstone Program Model • A flexible two-course sequence that teaches students rigorous college-level curricula while promoting the critical inquiry skills needed for success in college and beyond. AP Research & Seminar Certificate™ AP Capstone Diploma™ Students who earn scores of 3 or higher on the AP Seminar and AP Research Exams and on four additional AP Exams of their choosing will receive the AP Capstone Diploma™. Students who earn scores of 3 or higher on the AP Seminar and AP Research Exams only will receive the AP Seminar and Research Certificate™

35. Investigate real-world topics from multiple perspectives Carefully analyze information, write evidence-based arguments and effectively communicate them Work independently and with a team to research a topic, develop a written report and deliver a presentation AP Seminar Students learn to: Exams Scored: Example Topics Democracy Education Revolution Freedom Protest Technology Sustainability • Team Project & Presentation • 25% • Individual Essay & Presentation • 35% • Written Exam • 40% Teachers & Students typically select 2-4 topics for the course.

36. AP Research Students Learn to: Exams Scored: • Research Process • 15% • Academic Thesis Paper (~5,000 words) • 70% • Public Presentation and Oral Defense • 15% Design, plan, and conduct a year-long mentored, research-based investigation Apply research methods and practices to address a real-world topic selected by the student Write a college-level research paper, present and orally defend the findings and research methodology AP Seminar is a prerequisite to AP Research.

37. AP Capstone: The Benefits for Students • Distinction – Stand out in the college admission process and have the opportunity to earn valuable college credit or placement • Critical Skills – Students acquire rigorous college-level analysis, writing, and research skills that that are increasingly valued by colleges. • Choice – Students choose individual research topics and study topics of relevance and interest.

38. What Colleges are saying about AP Capstone “At the University of Washington, we would be very interested in enrolling students who have distinguished themselves through the AP Capstone program.” Phillip Ballinger, Associate Vice Provost for Enrollment and Undergraduate Admissions, University of Washington “AP Seminar and AP Research are terrific classes that prepare students to think in non-formulaic ways.”Stuart Schmill, Dean of Admissions, Massachusetts Institute of Technology “[Through this program] you get students turned on to higher education in a way they are not currently and they enter university with a different kind of attitude.” Susan Roth, Vice Provost for Interdisciplinary Studies, Duke University, AP Capstone Curriculum Advisory Committee

39. Additional Information about AP Capstone The AP Capstone Brochure AP Capstone online: www.collegeboard.org/apcapstone • Email questions to: • apcapstone@collegeboard.org

40. Registrars Admissions/Recruiters Directors of Honors Colleges Directors of Undergraduate Research Faculty/credit policy review Academic Advisors AP Capstone Pilot scores and transcripts arrive with student applications AP Seminar and AP Research (1-5) scores are posted to the AP Score transcript along with other AP Exam scores Starting Academic year 2014/15-AP Capstone students will present official AP Capstone Seminar and Research courses & Exam scores in College Application process Institutions need to review curriculum for credit/placement recommendations 14 states/systems with articulated credit policy are currently reviewing for credit recommendations Practical Considerations……

41. Resources available….. • AP Seminar Curriculum Description • AP Seminar 2 pager • AP Research CD coming soon • AP Research 2 pager AP Capstone™: Statement of Support www.collegeboard.org/aphighered

42. QUESTIONS? • Pam Kerouac • Higher Ed Policy • pkerouac@collegeboard.org • Bard Keeler • AP Capstone Schools • bkeeler@collegeboard.org